The Relation Between Plasma Lipid Levels and Pseudocholinesterase Activity in Hypothyroidism

Popović, Lj.; Oreskovic, K.; Župančić, Božidar; Petrunić, Mladen; Kunec-Vajić, E.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-978852

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly increased under hypothyroidism conditions in both rat strains; however, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol was elevated only in the WKY rats. In agreement with previous data, the lowered thyroid hormone levels in rats of both strains decreased triglyceride levels in the blood, which contrasts with the effect observed in humans (Popović et al, 1998). The results obtained in the current research confirmed and extended the data showing the presence of hypothalamicpituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis disturbance in WKY rats and indicated the possible causes of the weaker action of these hormones in the brain compared to their action in peripheral tissue.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although hypothyroidism appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression, the impact of thyroid hormones on the bioenergetics of the adult brain is still poorly known. Since metabolic changes are reported to be a key player in the manifestation of depressive disorder, we investigated whether there are differences in selected metabolic markers in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY; an animal model of depression) compared to those of control Wistar rats and whether the induction of hypothyroidism by propylthiouracil (PTU) elicits similar effects in these animals or intensifies some parameters in the WKY rats. In our study, we used WKY rats as a model of depression since this strain exhibits lower levels of monoamines in the brain than control rats and exhibits behavioral and hormonal alterations resembling those of depression, including increased reactivity to stress. The findings indicate a decrease in glycolysis intensity in both brain structures in the WKY rats as well as in both strains under hypothyroidism conditions. Furthermore, hypothyroidism disrupted the connection between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the depression model used in this study. Decreased thyroid hormone action was also shown to attenuate oxidative phosphorylation, and this change was greater in the WKY rats. Our results suggest that both the depression and hypothyroidism models are characterized by similar impairments in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function and, additionally, that the co-occurrence of hypothyroidism and depression may exacerbate some of the metabolic changes observed in depression.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, our current results showed that two hypothyroidism groups elicited significantly reduced plasma TG (Fig. 3A), which may be partly explained by both significantly increased serum pseudocholinesterase (PChE) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity elicited by TH deficiency in animals, although the activities of both enzymes are reduced in hypothyroid patients [32]. Moreover, APOC3, an inhibitor of LPL activity, plays a crucial role in the catabolism of triglycerides, and the suppressed expression of the gene may be connected with the raised LPL activity and then the decrease in plasma TG level [33], which is consistent with our current result (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Gestational hypothyroidism elicits more pronounced lipid dysregulation in mice than pre-pregnant hypothyroidism

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid hormone is crucial for regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, which plays essential role in maintaining the health of pregnant women and their offspring. However, the current literature is just focusing on the development of offspring born to the untreated mothers with hypothyroidism, rather than mothers themselves. Additionally, the interaction between hypothyroidism and pregnancy, and its impact on the women's health are still elusive. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the metabolic differences in dams with hypothyroidism starting before pregnancy and after pregnancy. Pre-pregnant hypothyroidism was generated in 5-week-old female C57/BL/6J mice using iodine-deficient diet containing 0.15% propylthiouracil for 4 weeks, and the hypothyroidism was maintained until delivery. Gestational hypothyroidism was induced in dams after mating, using the same diet intervention until delivery. Compared with normal control, gestational hypothyroidism exhibited more prominent increase than pre-pregnant hypothyroidism in plasma total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, and caused hepatic triglycerides accumulation. Similarly, more significant elevations of protein expressions of SREBP1c and p-ACL, while more dramatic inhibition of CPT1A and LDL-R levels were also observed in murine livers with gestational hypothyroidism than those with pre-pregnant hypothyroidism. Moreover, the murine hepatic levels of total cholesterol and gluconeogenesis were dramatically and equally enhanced in two hypothyroid groups, while plasma triglycerides and protein expressions of p-AKT, p-FoxO1 and APOC3 were reduced substantially in two hypothyroid groups. Taken together, our current study illuminated that gestational hypothyroidism may elicit more pronounced lipid dysregulation in dams than dose the pre-pregnant hypothyroidism.

show abstract

“…Whereas LPL activity positively correlates with TH levels in humans (9,11), hypothyroidism in rats increases both adipose and heart LPL mass and activity via a translational mechanism involving its 3Ј-untranslated region (57), whereas T 3 reverses these effects (58). Accordingly, PTU-induced hypothyroidism in rats has been associated with reductions in plasma TG (49,50,59,60). Nevertheless, despite these overall effects, a number of indirect observations suggest the existence of an underlying hypotriglyceridemic response to T 3 in rodents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hormone Regulates the Hypotriglyceridemic Gene APOA5

Prieur

Huby²,

Coste

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The apolipoprotein AV gene (APOA5) is a key determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, a major risk factor for coronary artery disease and a biomarker for the metabolic syndrome. Since thyroid hormones influence very low density lipoprotein triglyceride metabolism and clinical studies have demonstrated an inverse correlation between thyroid status and plasma triglyceride levels, we examined whether APOA5 is regulated by thyroid hormone. Here we report that 3,5,3-triiodo-Lthyronine (T 3 ) and a synthetic thyroid receptor ␤ (TR␤) ligand increase APOA5 mRNA and protein levels in hepatocytes. Our data revealed that T 3 -activated TR directly regulates APOA5 promoter through a functional direct repeat separated by four nucleotides (DR4). Interestingly, we show that upstream stimulatory factor 1, a transcription factor associated with familial combined hyperlipidemia and elevated triglyceride levels in humans, and upstream stimulatory factor 2 cooperate with TR, resulting in a synergistic activation of APOA5 promoter in a ligand-dependent manner via an adjacent E-box motif. In rats, we observed that apoAV levels declines with thyroid hormone depletion but returned to normal levels upon T 3 administration. In addition, treatments with a TR␤-selective agonist increased apoAV and diminished triglyceride levels. The identification of APOA5 as a T 3 target gene provides a new potential mechanism whereby thyroid hormones can influence triglyceride homeostasis. Additionally, these data suggest that TR␤ may be a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

show abstract

The Relation Between Plasma Lipid Levels and Pseudocholinesterase Activity in Hypothyroidism

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism

Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism

Gestational hypothyroidism elicits more pronounced lipid dysregulation in mice than pre-pregnant hypothyroidism

Thyroid Hormone Regulates the Hypotriglyceridemic Gene APOA5

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About