The relationship between aviation activities and ultrafine particulate matter concentrations near a mid-sized airport

Hsu, Hsiao‐Hsien Leon; Adamkiewicz, Gary; Houseman, E. Andrés; Vallarino, Jose; Melly, Steven J.; Wayson, Roger L.; Spengler, John D.; Levy, Jonathan I.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.002

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The highest UFP count was measured at the sampling sites nearest to the taxiway, at a distance of 100 and 30 meters, respectively, which suggests a correlation between UFP count and distance from the source, which is consistent with other reports [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Environmental Exposure to Ultrafine Particles inside and nearby a Military Airport

et al. 2016

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Airport activities can contribute to the emission of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the environment. The aim of our study is to assess the airborne levels of UFPs in a military airport and in the surrounding area. Four outdoor air samplings were carried out inside a military airport during flight activities, twelve nearby the military airport, five in an urban area, and one in a rural area. We used a portable Electrical Low Pressure Impactor to detect the particle number size distribution as well as the number concentration. Particles were chemically analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Inside the military airport, we observed an inverse correlation with distance from flight activities. The median UFP count ranged 3.7 × 10 3 -2.9 × 10 4 particles/cm 3 , and the highest UFP count was 4.0 × 10 6 particles/cm 3 (during the taxi and take-off activities). Nearby the airport, UFP number concentrations were more elevated in the winter season and we did not observe a correlation with flight activities. Our results show a constant presence of UFPs regardless of the flight activities nearby the airport. Other anthropic sources may generate UFP concentrations significantly higher than those generated by airport activities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Environmental Exposure to Ultrafine Particles inside and nearby a Military Airport

et al. 2016

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“…Recent studies indicate that aircraft emissions contribute significantly to particle mass and particle number (PN) concentration in the vicinity of airports (Arunachalam et al, 2011;Dodson et al, 2009;Hsu et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2009;Levy et al, 2012;Stettler et al, 2011;Unal et al, 2005;Yu et al, 2004). POA dominates the total aerosol at low engine loads, corresponding to idle and taxiing operation Presto et al, 2011;Timko et al, 2010).…”

Section: Source Emission Measurements Of Poa and Soamentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter, air quality and climate: lessons learned and future needs

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The literature on atmospheric particulate matter (PM), or atmospheric aerosol, has increased enormously over the last 2 decades and amounts now to some 1500-2000 papers per year in the refereed literature. This is in part due to the enormous advances in measurement technologies, which have allowed for an increasingly accurate understanding of the chemical composition and of the physical properties of atmospheric particles and of their processes in the atmosphere. The growing scientific interest in atmospheric aerosol particles is due to their high importance for environmental policy. In fact, particulate matter constitutes one of the most challenging problems both for air quality and for climate change policies. In this context, this paper reviews the most recent results within the atmospheric aerosol sciences and the policy needs, which have driven much of the increase in monitoring and mechanistic research over the last 2 decades.The synthesis reveals many new processes and developments in the science underpinning climate-aerosol interactions and effects of PM on human health and the environment. However, while airborne particulate matter is responsible for globally important influences on premature human mortality, we still do not know the relative importance of the different chemical components of PM for these effects. Likewise, the magnitude of the overall effects of PM on climate remains highly uncertain. Despite the uncertainty there are many things that could be done to mitigate local and global problems of atmospheric PM. Recent analyses have shown that reducing black carbon (BC) emissions, using known control measures, would reduce global warming and delay the time when anthropogenic effects on global temperature would exceed 2 • C. Likewise, cost-effective control measures on ammonia, an important agricultural precursor gas for secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), would reduce regional eutrophication and PM concentrations in large areas of Europe, China and the USA. Thus, there is much that could be done to reduce the effects of atmospheric PM on the climate and the health of the environment and the human population.A prioritized list of actions to mitigate the full range of effects of PM is currently undeliverable due to shortcomings in the knowledge of aerosol science; among the shortcomings, the roles of PM in global climate and the relative roles of Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 8218S. Fuzzi et al.: Particulate matter, air quality and climate different PM precursor sources and their response to climate and land use change over the remaining decades of this century are prominent. In any case, the evidence from this paper strongly advocates for an integrated approach to air quality and climate policies.

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“…Examples are the urban studies of Alam et al (2003) and Reche et al (2011) in which particles formed by atmospheric nucleation were differentiated from those due to traffic by using markers of traffic emissions. Fast-response measurements of nanoparticles close to airport runways have been used to identify particles arising from jet engines (Hsu et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2009). Peak nanoparticle concentrations were elevated by a factor 440 relative to background levels during a jet departure (Hu et al, 2009), but all landing and take-off activities contributed median values of 9.8% and 6.6% of longer-term average concentrations at two sites adjacent to an airport's principal runway (Hsu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%