The relationship between body image and tea drinking habits with anemia among adolescent girls in Badung District, Bali, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and purpose: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in Indonesia remains high. Poor nutrition is a risk factor of anemia among adolescent girls, which is likely related to food intake restrictions to achieve a desired body shape (body image), and the habit of drinking tea while eating which can affect the absorption of iron. This study aims to determine the relationship between anemia with body image perception and tea drinking habits among adolescent girls.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design carried out from March-May 2018, involving girls aged 15-18 years at high schools in Badung District. Two schools were selected from 44 high schools, then a sample of 106 students were selected by systematic random sampling. Data collected included hemoglobin levels measured with hematology autoanalyzer, nutritional status with anthropometric measurements, and data on socio-demographics, socio-economics, tea drinking and eating habits, menstrual pattern, helminthiasis, knowledge and perception of body image with face-to-face individual interviews. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test for bivariate analysis, and multivariate using logistic regressionResults: The prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dL) in adolescent girls was 13.2%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables associated with anemia were poor knowledge about anemia with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=11.4 (95%CI: 1.6-83.1), no iron supplement consumption (AOR=14.7; 95%CI: 1.9-109.8), negative body image (AOR=30.6; 95%CI: 2.9-321.1), tea drinking habits while eating (AOR=52.2; 95%CI: 4.2-642.9) and excessive menstrual volume (AOR=17.1; 95%CI: 1.6-185.9).Conclusion: Negative perceptions of body image and tea drinking habits while eating increase the risk of anemia among adolescent girls aged 15-18 years. In addition, poor knowledge about anemia, a history of not consuming iron supplements and excessive menstrual volume can also increase the risk. These factors need to be considered when designing policies to reduce anemia among adolescent girls.

The Effect of Using E-WoHealth on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors About Body Image and Anemia in Young Women

“…Based on this, it is in line with research conducted by 17 who states that there is a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status in adolescents, so adolescents are susceptible to iron deficiency anemia. This is in line with the research 18 that states that 32% of perceptions of negative body image can increase anemia in young women aged 15-18 years because body image affects nutritional status in adolescents 19 . Adolescent eating habits, including nutritional status, significantly impact health.…”

“…This is in line with research conducted by 33 the results (ρ=<0.05) showed that nutrition education interventions could increase knowledge, attitudes, and health practices about anemia in adolescents. Lack of knowledge of, history of not consuming iron supplements can increase the risk of anaemia so this needs to be considered in developing policies to reduce the incidence of anaemia in young women 18 .…”

Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah, Kebiasaan Minum Teh, Dan Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Di Nabire

“…Penelitian lainnya menunjukkan remaja putri dengan pola minum teh selama makan berisiko 52 kali lebih tinggi mengalami anemia (Putra et al, 2020). Kecukupan zat besi remaja putri ditentukan oleh penyerapan zat besi.…”