The relationship between user types and gamification designs

Abstract

Gamification has been discussed as a standout approach to improve user experience, with different studies showing that users can have different preferences over game elements according to their user types. However, relatively less is known how different kinds of users may react to different types of gamification. Therefore, in this study ($$N=331$$ N = 331 ) we investigate how user orientation (Achiever, Disruptor, Free Spirit, Philanthropist, Player, and Socializer) is associated with the preference for and perceived sense of accomplishment from different gamification designs. Beyond singular associations between the user orientation and the gamification designs, the findings indicate no comprehensive and consistent patterns of associations. From the six user orientations, five presented significant associations: Socializer orientation was positively associated with Social, Fictional, and Personal designs, while negatively associated with Performance design; Player orientation was positively associated with Social (Accomplishment), Personal, and Ecological designs, while negatively associated with the Social design (Preference); Disruptor orientation was positively associated with Social design; Achiever orientation was positively associated with Performance and Social designs; and Free Spirit orientation was negatively associated with Social design. Based on the results, we provide recommendations on how to personalize gamified systems and set further research trajectories on personalized gamification.

Designing Personalized Persuasive Game Elements for Older Adults in Health Apps

“…However, the elderly population has inconsistent preferences for gamification elements due to their age span and individual differences in background. Studies have shown that some gamification designs using a "one-size-fits-all" strategy do not improve user satisfaction because these designs ignore user differences [28] and user preferences [29,30]. Therefore, to design gamified applications for older people, it is necessary to study their preferences to make the products more attractive and usable, and to better motivate users to achieve their goals [31].…”

Influence of Device Performance and Agent Advice on User Trust and Behaviour in a Care-taking Scenario

“…When investigating aspects of human behaviour, there is a long-standing tradition of using games and scenarios that rely on a narrative in order to engage participants. The idea is that such tools will elicit more realistic responses than questionnaires -this idea was refined in [54] by associating user types with particular game designs.…”

Os Efeitos da Gamificação Personalizada na Experiência de Ensino e Aprendizagem Durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial

“…A gamificação baseada em performance, assim como os demais designs mencionados anteriormente, é um tipo de personalização da gamificação, o qual possui elementos associados à resposta do ambiente, podendo estes serem utilizados para fornecer feedback ao estudante (Santos et al, 2021). O ponto é a unidade usada para medir o desempenho dos usuários.…”

“…Mais recentemente, Santos et al (2021) realizou um estudo com o objetivo de responder como os perfis de usuários estão associados com a preferência e o senso percebido de realização em diferentes designs de gamificação. O estudo foi dividido em cinco fases, sendo elas: o desenho de storyboards, desenho da pesquisa, estudo piloto, aplicação de pesquisa e análise de dados, e analisou 331 respostas válidas e voluntárias, obtidas através da divulgação da pesquisa pelas redes sociais e e-mail durante um período de 38 dias.…”

“…Entretanto, sistemas gamificados, caso não sejam bem planejados, podem também ter um impacto negativo (Toda et al, 2017). Mediante essa perspectiva, os efeitos controversos da gamificação estão intimamente ligados ao fato de os usuários reagirem de maneira distinta à gamificação, de acordo com suas características pessoais (Oliveira e Bittencourt, 2019;Hallifax et al, 2019;Santos et al, 2021). Diante dessa problemática, pesquisas recentes têm investigado como diferentes tipos de designs de gamificação (e.g., gamificação baseada em colaboração, competição ou interação social) afetam a experiência dos estudantes de acordo com diferentes aspectos dos indivíduos (Hallifax et al, 2020;Klock et al, 2020;Santos et al, 2021).…”