The relationships of population and forest trends

Mather, Alexander S.; Needle, Coby L.

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4959.2000.tb00002.x

Cited by 154 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…HYDE did not distribute land use in the Alpine region likely for the same reasons as in KK10 and also because HYDE concentrates land use in areas with low slope. However, severe deforestation is documented to have occurred in the Alps in the late preindustrial era (e.g., [68,69]). Crises such as floods and erosion occurring just prior to industrialization in France and Switzerland prompted legislation protecting montane forests and encouraging reforestation in the late 19th century [68,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining the Deforestation History of Europe: Evaluation of Historical Land Use Scenarios with Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions

Kaplan

Krumhardt

Gaillard

et al. 2017

Land

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Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) is the most important transformation of the Earth system that occurred in the preindustrial Holocene, with implications for carbon, water and sediment cycles, biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services and regional and global climate. For example, anthropogenic deforestation in preindustrial Eurasia may have led to feedbacks to the climate system: both biogeophysical, regionally amplifying winter cold and summer warm temperatures, and biogeochemical, stabilizing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and thus influencing global climate. Quantification of these effects is difficult, however, because scenarios of anthropogenic land cover change over the Holocene vary widely, with increasing disagreement back in time. Because land cover change had such widespread ramifications for the Earth system, it is essential to assess current ALCC scenarios in light of observations and provide guidance on which models are most realistic. Here, we perform a systematic evaluation of two widely-used ALCC scenarios (KK10 and HYDE3.1) in northern and part of central Europe using an independent, pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land cover (REVEALS). Considering that ALCC in Europe primarily resulted in deforestation, we compare modeled land use with the cover of non-forest vegetation inferred from the pollen data. Though neither land cover change scenario matches the pollen-based reconstructions precisely, KK10 correlates well with REVEALS at the country scale, while HYDE systematically underestimates land use with increasing magnitude with time in the past. Discrepancies between modeled and reconstructed land use are caused by a number of factors, including assumptions of per-capita land use and socio-cultural factors that cannot be predicted on the basis of the characteristics of the physical environment, including dietary preferences, long-distance trade, the location of urban areas and social organization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining the Deforestation History of Europe: Evaluation of Historical Land Use Scenarios with Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions

Kaplan

Krumhardt

Gaillard

et al. 2017

Land

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“…Soil erosion, land degradation, destruction of habitat and biodiversity; loss of endemic species due to you to out migration are resulted from land use dynamics (Meyer and Turner 1992). Even though many controversies on the factors of land cover dynamics, few research studies concluded that demographic factor is intensively accelerate to land use cover change (Mather and Needle 2000). Alarming rate of population dynamics, insecure land use right, lack of credit facilities and lack of market availability are some of socio-economic factors which facilitates for the change of land cover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of land use and land cover change dynamics using GIS and remote sensing during 1984 and 2015 in the Beressa Watershed Northern Central Highland of Ethiopia

Meshesha

Tripathi

Khare

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

124

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Analysing the trend of land use/land cover change and its cause and consequence on human livelihoods as well as on the environment is a matter of concern for sustainable development and management of natural resource. Retrospective analysis of land use/land cover dynamics and its driving force has been undertaken using satellite images of Landsat5 TM 1984, Landsat5 TM 1999, and Landsat8 TM 2015 with 30 m spacial resolution for Beressa watershed of Ethiopia. ArcGIS10.2.2 and ERDAS Imagine14 have been used for image processing to produce 6 land uses/land cover classes in the study area. The result of classified image indicated that in the last 3 decades, farm land and settlement area increased @ 71.6 ha/year and 16.8 ha/year respectively. Between 1984 and 1999, forest cover and water body decreased @ 5 ha/year and 0.03 ha/ year respectively but increased @15.6 ha/year and 7.1 ha/ year between 1999 and 2015 respectively. This increase could be possible due to the involvement of local communities to plant trees around their homestead and farm lands. In this program, plantation of indigenous tree species other than eucalyptus (which affect the ecology) was encouraged. The % share of grazing land and barren land has been decreased to 10 and 10.1 % respectively during 1999 that further reduced to 6.1 and 5.2 % during 2015 as against the 12.4 and 13.1 % during 1984 respectively in the Beressa watershed. Rapid population growth demanded more land for cultivation, more trees for domestic fuelwood consumption and more area for settlement had been responsible for drastic change in the land use/land cover change in the last 3 decades in the Beressa watershed. In order to check the loss of area from gazing land and barren land, alternative source income opportunities to the community dwellers may be provided. Therefore, environmental conservation, management and rehabilitation require integrated approach of community development at various levels.

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“…Thus, poverty may conceal more important and complex social, political and infrastructural changes in rural populations . The apparent effect of annual population growth on conversion to agriculture may indicate a strong link between growth, poverty, population density and deforestation (Mather and Needle, 2000;Lambin et al, 2001). Our results also show that neither distance to a main highway or major city, nor road density or urban population size influenced conversion of habitats to agriculture.…”

Section: Conversion Of Land To Agriculturementioning

confidence: 53%