The reversibility of sperm quality after discontinuing nandrolone decanoate in adult male rats

Karbalay‐Doust, Saied; Noorafshan, Ali; Mesbah, Fakhroddin; Mirkhani, Hossein; Baker, Gordon

doi:10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.00203.x

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The side effects of anabolic steroids on the physiology and function of the reproductive system have been proved [3]. The side effects of steroids on the histology of testis [4], prostate [5], ovary, and uterus [6][7], spermatogenesis [8], genitalia malformation, and ovarian cyclical activity [1,[9][10][11] have also been shown. Ovarian and uterine histology and follicular score have been investigated after the ND treatment [6,7]; however, quantitative aspects of the ovary and oocytes have received little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereological estimation of ovarian oocyte volume, surface area and number: application on mice treated with nandrolone decanoate

Karbalay‐Doust

Noorafshan

2012

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Changes in the number and size of oocytes can lead to fertilization problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the number, volume, and surface area of oocytes in healthy as well as nandrolone decanoate-treated (ND) mice using stereological methods. Five control mice received vehicle, and five ND-treated mice received ND. Using the 'isotropic Cavalieri' design', the ovary was sectioned. The volume of the ovary (cortex and medulla) was estimated. The oocytes' volume and surface area were estimated using the invariator. The number of the oocytes was estimated using an optical disector. The volumes of the ovary, cortex, and medulla decreased ~50% in the ND-treated mice. The mean number (coefficient of variation) of preantral, antral, and atretic oocytes in the control ovary were 1,690 (0.29), 2,100 (0.52), and 3,900 (0.2), respectively, which decreased ~54%, ~87%, and ~91%, respectively in the ND-treated animals. The mean volume (coefficient of variation) of the preantral, antral, and atretic oocytes were 86,000 (0.27), 110,000 (0.48), and 27,000 (0.33) mm 3 , respectively. The mean surface area (coefficient of variation) of the three types of oocytes were 9,000 (0.24), 9,900 (0.28), and 4,700 (0.21) mm 2 , respectively. These parameters remained unchanged in the ND-treated mice. ND induces reduction in the number of oocytes, but not in the volume or the surface area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereological estimation of ovarian oocyte volume, surface area and number: application on mice treated with nandrolone decanoate

Karbalay‐Doust

Noorafshan

2012

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…Our results agree with studies which found that low and high doses of nandrrolone decrease sperm quality and quantity in rats in the form of low sperm count, decrease motile sperm fraction and decreased sperm with normal morphology. 26 The present study shows that the percentage of sperm motility decrease in group C compared with others this may be due to the mitochondrial content decrease with many swollen and disrupted mitochondria in rat soleus muscle after six weeks of treatment. 27 The result of S. Shokri et al 15 who studied the effect of exercise and supraphysiological doses of Nandrolone on sperm characteristics in male mature rats revealed that exercise and Nadrolone alone or in combination produced a significant decrease in sperm count and motility compared with the control group produced a significant decrease in sperm count and motility compared with the control group (sedentary rat without any injection or exercise).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Nandrolone effects on men’s semen parameters in Erbil city

Sharef¹,

Tawfeeq²,

Rasoul³

2017

ZJMS

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IntroductionThe anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are a family of hormones that includes the natural male hormone testosterone, together with its many synthetic relatives, all of which exhibit both anabolic ("muscle building") and androgenic ("masculinizing") properties.1,2 Reports indicate that Anabolic androgenic steroids abuse impacts upon several hormone systems like the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), hypothalamic pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal (HPG) axes. 3 The administration of high doses of exogenous androgens in men has been reported to result in decreased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) through negative impact on the hypothalamicpituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis with reduced endogenous testosterone production leading to decreased spermatogenesis, reduced semen density, testicular atrophy and abnormal sperm morphology attributing to infertility. 4 Some authors have reported that AAS decreased density, motility and normal morphology of sperm, 5 even low doses of AASs decrease sperm Background and objective: Anabolic androgenic steroids are synthetic compounds based on the structure of testosterone, and are used to treat various conditions such as reproductive system dysfunction. High doses of anabolic androgenic steroids and exercise influence the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis, which can, in turn, affect testicular apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the influence of anabolic androgenic steroids on semen parameters in bodybuilders (heavy exercise) in Erbil city. Methods: Semen specimens and serum were collected from 150 which divided into three groups; each consists of 50 men. The control group (A) didn't practice exercise so didn't receive nandrolone. The exercise group (B) who practice daily without taking nandrolone. The exercise and treated group (C) who practice exercise and had been using nandrolone (200 mg-wk -1 , intramuscularly) for at least three months. Smear prepared by methyline blue stain and assessment of semen volume, sperm morphology, sperm concentration ,motility were carried out .Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone were also carried out. Results: There was no difference in the semen volume within three groups. Sperm concentration and the percentage of sperm motility in the group C was significantly lower (P <0.001) than that in the other groups. A significantly increased percentage of sperm with the tapered head was found in the group C. Our results also demonstrated a significant decrease in testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone in the group C compared to group A and B. Conclusion: Users of anabolic-androgenic steroids have sperm with abnormal shape, especially tapered head, and low concentration of sperm with sluggish motility attributing to infertility.

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“…The semen was obtained and analysed according to the procedure described by Seed et al [16,17]. The sperm was collected by cutting the distal region of the vas deferens of the rat in the present study.…”

Section: Sperm Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each rat, 300-400 spermatozoa were counted and the data were expressed as the total number of sperm/ml [16,17].…”

Section: Sperm Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The slide was evaluated under a microscope in 10 microscopic fields and 200-300 spermatozoa per animal were analysed at a final magnification of 1000Â. Assessment of the motile sperm fraction was defined as follows [16,17]: (Mean number of motile sperm/Total number of sperm) Â 100. The motility of each spermatozoon was graded a, b, c or d as follows: a = rapid progressive; b = slow progressive; c = non-progressive; d = immotile.…”

Section: Sperm Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the protective effects of papaverine, lidocaine and verapamil on the sperm quality of the testis after induced torsion–detorsion in rats

Shirazi

Noorafshan

Karbalay‐Doust

et al. 2010

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

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The reversibility of sperm quality after discontinuing nandrolone decanoate in adult male rats

Abstract: The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Stereological estimation of ovarian oocyte volume, surface area and number: application on mice treated with nandrolone decanoate

Stereological estimation of ovarian oocyte volume, surface area and number: application on mice treated with nandrolone decanoate

Nandrolone effects on men’s semen parameters in Erbil city

Comparison of the protective effects of papaverine, lidocaine and verapamil on the sperm quality of the testis after induced torsion–detorsion in rats

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