The Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea in Young Women

Vilšinskaitė, Donata Saulė; Vaidokaitė, Greta; Mačys, Žygimantas; Bumbulienė, Žana

doi:10.36740/wlek201906102

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The current study revealed a relatively high prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea among Lebanese university students. This finding is in line with several cross-sectional studies conducted in different countries including 89.6% in Lebanon [ 7 ], 84.2% in Lithuania [ 41 ], 88% in Australia [ 42 ], 85.1% in Palestine [ 43 ], 83.6% in Northern Ghana [ 44 ], and 84.1% in Italy [ 45 ]. This indicates that PD is a common public health issue that should be addressed appropriately.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Heavy menstrual blood flow might be considered a risk factor and a consequence of PD and this could be explained by the fact that PGs can disturb the homeostatic mechanism of the endometrium, hence increasing the blood flow [ 52 ]. Studies have also shown that women younger than 25 years are more likely to have PD, and the prevalence of dysmenorrhea falls with increasing age [ 41 , 53 ]. However, although the prevalence in the current study was higher among females younger than 25 years, interestingly no statistical significance was detected among different age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females

et al. 2021

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Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological conditions among young females, which has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life and productivity. Despite its high prevalence, the evidence is limited regarding the management-seeking practices and its perceived effectiveness among females with PD. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 550 female students in six universities across Lebanon. The prevalence of PD, associated risk factors, and management-seeking practices were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Results The prevalence of PD was 80.9%. Most of the females with PD described their menstrual pain as moderate (56%) to severe (34.6%), which significantly affected their daily activities and studying ability (P < 0.001). The major risk factors associated with PD included heavy menstrual flow (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 10.28), family history of PD (AOR = 2.52), history of weight loss attempt (AOR = 2.05), and medical specialization (AOR = 1.663). Only 36.9% of females with PD sought formal medical advice. Most dysmenorrheic females (76.4%) received medications for the management of PD, and remarkably none of them took hormonal contraceptives. Drugs commonly used for PD were mefenamic acid (26.2%), ibuprofen (25%), and paracetamol (11.5%), which were administered when the pain started (58.2%). All medications were significantly effective in reducing the pain score (P = 0.001), and most NSAIDs were more potent than paracetamol in managing PD (P = 0.001). However, no significant difference in adverse effects among medications was revealed. Moreover, no superiority of any individual NSAID for pain relief was established. Nevertheless, mefenamic acid was associated with the lowest risk of abdominal pain (OR: 0.03, P = 0.005) and the highest risk of flank pain (OR = 12, P = 0.02). Conclusions Suboptimal management of PD is practiced among university students in Lebanon. Therefore, health care providers should educate dysmenorrheic females to optimize the self-management support of PD. Furthermore, future research is required to investigate females’ misconceptions about hormonal contraceptives in the management of PD, aiming to raise awareness and correct misconceptions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females

et al. 2021

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“…In recreational athletes, the 3-month sample prevalence and incidence rate of lymphoproliferative disorders and anovulatory menstrual cycles is 48% and 79%, respectively ( De Souza, 2003 ). The above-mentioned studies, therefore, support the assertion that female athletes who have regular monthly cycles can, nevertheless, have problems such as chronic anovulatory cycles or a defect luteal phase ( Vilšinskaite et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The Female Athlete Triad—the impact of running and type of diet on the regularity of the menstrual cycle assessed for recreational runners

Witkoś

Hartman-Petrycka

2022

PeerJ

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Background The Female Athlete Triad (FAT) included three interrelated conditions including disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. The American College of Sports Medicine updated the definition of FAT to reflect the interdependence of low energy availability with or without eating disorders. The main aim of the study was to assess the impact of recreational running on potential disturbances in the regularity of women’s menstrual cycles. Additionally, this work compared differences in the menstrual cycle between women runners and women who did not regularly practice sports. The respondents were also asked about the type of diet they consumed. Methods A total of 360 women took part in the research. This group included 217 runners and 143 control. The authors’ questionnaire was used in the research. Results When compared to the control group, the runners had an increased frequency of menstrual cycles of <24 days (10.14% vs. 3.50%), fewer typical cycles of 25–31 days (75.58% vs. 86.71%), had fewer regular cycles per year (9.62 vs. 11.22), shorter duration of bleeding (4.79 vs. 5.27 days), and an increased frequency of painless menstruation (23.96% vs. 7.69%). A positive predictor of menstrual cycle disorders was the use of a ‘special diet’ (R:1.67; 95% C:0.47–2.87). Conclusions The runners had shorter and less regular monthly cycles and shorter and more often painless menstrual bleeding when compared to the control group. The frequency of menstrual disorders in runners was increased by following a ‘special diet’. The frequency of menstrual cycle disorders in runners, however, did not differ significantly from the control group.

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“…Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan kontraksi miometrium yang dapat menimbulkan iskemia miometrium dan hiperkontraktivitas uterus. Kondisi inilah yang dapat menimbulkan nyeri dismenore (Vilšinskaitė et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Pemberian Aroma Terapi Lemon (Cytrus) Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Dismenore

Nurpratiwi

Yousriatin

Maulidiyah

2019

KNJ

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Latar Belakang : Nyeri haid atau dismenore merupakan kram yang menyakitkan yang berasal dari uterus yang terjadi selama menstruasi dan merupakan satu penyebab paling umum nyeri panggul dan gangguan menstruasi. Penyebab utama dismenore primer adalah karena terjadinya peningkatan atau produksi yang tidak seimbang dari prostaglandin endometrium selama menstruasi. Zat limeone dalam lemon (citrus) akan mengontrol prostaglandin dan mengurangi rasa nyeri. Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian aroma terapi lemon (Cytrus) berpengaruh terhadap penurunan nyeri dismenore pada siswi di SMAN 1 Sungai Ambawang. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain quasi experiment (eksperimen semu) dengan rancangan pre and post tes with control yaitu melakukan intervensi pada dua kelompok dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 34 responden dan masing-masing kelompok terbagi menjadi 17 responden. Analisa bivariat menggunakan uji menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian aroma terapi lemon (Cytrus) terhadap penurunan nyeri dismenore dengan nilai p 0,005 yaitu p : 0,000 yang berarti Ha diterima Ho ditolak. Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh antara pemberian aroma terapi lemon (Cytrus) terhadap penurunan nyeri dismenore.

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The Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea in Young Women

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females

Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females

The Female Athlete Triad—the impact of running and type of diet on the regularity of the menstrual cycle assessed for recreational runners

Pengaruh Pemberian Aroma Terapi Lemon (Cytrus) Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Dismenore

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