The risk of eating disorders among children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Jahrami, Haitham; Al-Ansari, Ahmed Malalla; Janahi, Abdulrahman I.; Janahi, Ammar Khalid; Darraj, Latifa Rashid; Faris, MoezAlIslam

doi:10.1016/j.ijpam.2020.06.002

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similarly, a 2020 matched cohort screening study found the same three-fold increase—almost one third of children and adolescents with ADHD were at risk of ED, compared to 12% of healthy controls. Here, BMI was a statistically significant predictor of risk [ 247 ]. Impulsivity and inattention symptoms of childhood ADHD have been positively associated with the development of overeating and bulimic-type behaviours in adolescence [ 248 ].…”

Section: Personality Traits and Comorbid Mental Health Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

Barakat

Aouad²,

Boakes³

et al. 2023

J Eat Disord

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Background Risk factors represent a range of complex variables associated with the onset, development, and course of eating disorders. Understanding these risk factors is vital for the refinement of aetiological models, which may inform the development of targeted, evidence-based prevention, early intervention, and treatment programs. This Rapid Review aimed to identify and summarise research studies conducted within the last 12 years, focusing on risk factors associated with eating disorders. Methods The current review forms part of a series of Rapid Reviews to be published in a special issue in the Journal of Eating Disorders, funded by the Australian Government to inform the development of the National Eating Disorder Research and Translation Strategy 2021–2031. Three databases were searched for studies published between 2009 and 2021, published in English, and comprising high-level evidence studies (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, moderately sized randomised controlled studies, moderately sized controlled-cohort studies, or population studies). Data pertaining to risk factors for eating disorders were synthesised and outlined in the current paper. Results A total of 284 studies were included. The findings were divided into nine main categories: (1) genetics, (2) gastrointestinal microbiota and autoimmune reactions, (3) childhood and early adolescent exposures, (4) personality traits and comorbid mental health conditions, (5) gender, (6) socio-economic status, (7) ethnic minority, (8) body image and social influence, and (9) elite sports. A substantial amount of research exists supporting the role of inherited genetic risk in the development of eating disorders, with biological risk factors, such as the role of gut microbiota in dysregulation of appetite, an area of emerging evidence. Abuse, trauma and childhood obesity are strongly linked to eating disorders, however less conclusive evidence exists regarding developmental factors such as role of in-utero exposure to hormones. Comorbidities between eating disorders and mental health disorders, including personality and mood disorders, have been found to increase the severity of eating disorder symptomatology. Higher education attainment, body image-related factors, and use of appearance-focused social media are also associated with increased risk of eating disorder symptoms. Conclusion Eating disorders are associated with multiple risk factors. An extensive amount of research has been conducted in the field; however, further studies are required to assess the causal nature of the risk factors identified in the current review. This will assist in understanding the sequelae of eating disorder development and in turn allow for enhancement of existing interventions and ultimately improved outcomes for individuals.

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Section: Personality Traits and Comorbid Mental Health Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

Barakat

Aouad²,

Boakes³

et al. 2023

J Eat Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been few longitudinal studies to determine a causal relationship between EDs and obesity. Recently, a matched cohort study showed that children and adolescents with ADHD have a three-fold increased risk of ED compared to healthy controls (Jahrami et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

ADHD Symptoms and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study With Abnormal Eating Behaviors as Moderating Factors

et al. 2022

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Background: Emerging studies have explored the possibility of ADHD and associated abnormal eating behaviors as catalysts for obesity in children and adolescents. However, results were largely inconsistent. This study aims to explore the effects of ADHD and abnormal eating behaviors (including eating disorders, emotional eating, and bedtime eating) on obesity, and to assess the moderating role of abnormal eating behaviors between ADHD symptoms and BMI in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: We recruited 546 grade 3 to 11 students and their parents by stratified random sampling from three primary schools and four middle schools in Shanghai, China. This study used parent-reported versions of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV to assess ADHD symptoms, the Eating Attitudes Test and the Children’s Eating Attitude Test to assess eating disorder (ED) symptoms, and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire to collect information about other abnormal eating behaviors at baseline and at a follow-up survey 1 year later. Results: Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that ED played a moderating role in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and BMI in addition to age ( β = .003, p = .008). The simple slope test showed that ADHD symptoms positively correlated with BMI ofs in the older age group with a high level of ED symptoms ( β = .16, p < .001). Moreover, the baseline ED symptoms ( β = .03, p = .032) and ADHD symptoms ( β = .12, p = .015) increased the students’ BMI one year later after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that ADHD and ED symptoms raised the students’ BMI separately. Moreover, ADHD and ED symptoms raised the students’ BMI separately. Moreover, a combined high level of ADHD and ED symptoms is correlated with students’ high BMI in the older age group.

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Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Saif

Jahrami

2022

Eating Disorders

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The risk of eating disorders among children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

ADHD Symptoms and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study With Abnormal Eating Behaviors as Moderating Factors

Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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