The Role of Arabinogalactan Proteins in Morphogenesis of Centaurium erythraea Rafn In Vitro

Trifunović, Milana; Subotić, Angelina; Petrić, Marija; Jevremović, Slađana

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54102-5_5

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…MAC207 was localised on the callus surface but only in the cell walls of the dead cells and in the internal cell compartments of living cells. As has been revealed in many other studies, for example in Daucus carota [43, 44], Trifolium nigrescens [45] and Centrarium erythraea [46], the distribution of MAC-207 is highly diverse and depends on the type of cell, tissue and organ studied. The LM2-labelled epitopes were components of the ECMSN but were also localised in the cell wall and internal cell compartments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Spatial Distribution of Selected Chemical Cell Wall Components in the Embryogenic Callus of Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2016

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Brachypodium distachyon L. Beauv. (Brachypodium) is a species that has become an excellent model system for gaining a better understanding of various areas of grass biology and improving plant breeding. Although there are some studies of an in vitro Brachypodium culture including somatic embryogenesis, detailed knowledge of the composition of the main cell wall components in the embryogenic callus in this species is missing. Therefore, using the immunocytochemical approach, we targeted 17 different antigens of which five were against the arabinogalactan proteins (AGP), three were against extensins, six recognised pectic epitopes and two recognised hemicelluloses. These studies were complemented by histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. We revealed that the characteristic cell wall components of Brachypodium embryogenic calli are AGP epitopes that are recognised by the JIM16 and LM2 antibodies, an extensin epitope that is recognised by the JIM11 antibody and a pectic epitopes that is recognised by the LM6 antibody. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AGPs and pectins are the components of the extracellular matrix network in Brachypodium embryogenic culture. Additionally, SEM analysis demonstrated the presence of an extracellular matrix on the surface of the calli cells. In conclusion, the chemical compositions of the cell walls and ECMSN of Brachypodium callus show spatial differences that correlate with the embryogenic character of the cells. Thus, the distribution of pectins, AGPs and hemicelluloses can be used as molecular markers of embryogenic cells. The presented data extends the knowledge about the chemical composition of the embryogenic callus cells of Brachypodium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Spatial Distribution of Selected Chemical Cell Wall Components in the Embryogenic Callus of Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2016

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“…Involvement of AGPs in SE has been described in many plant species, such as maize [ 98 ], chicory [ 99 ], Trifolium nigrescens [ 100 ], and others. As discussed below, the role of AGPs during SE from centaury roots [ 101 , 102 ] and leaf explants [ 103 , 104 ] has been investigated using a variety of approaches. One of the main tools for studying the AGPs’ functions, used for decades, is a synthetic red dye, β-D-glucosyl Yariv reagent or βGlcY [ 105 ].…”

Section: Studies On the Role Of Agps During Se In Centaury Using βmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis in Centaurium erythraea Rafn—Current Status and Perspectives: A Review

Simonović

Trifunović‐Momčilov

Filipović

et al. 2020

Plants

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Centaurium erythraea (centaury) is a traditionally used medicinal plant, with a spectrum of secondary metabolites with confirmed healing properties. Centaury is an emerging model in plant developmental biology due to its vigorous regenerative potential and great developmental plasticity when cultured in vitro. Hereby, we review nearly two decades of research on somatic embryogenesis (SE) in centaury. During SE, somatic cells are induced by suitable culture conditions to express their totipotency, acquire embryogenic characteristics, and eventually give rise to somatic embryos. When SE is initiated from centaury root explants, the process occurs spontaneously (on hormone-free medium), directly (without the callusing phase), and the somatic embryos are of unicellular origin. SE from leaf explants has to be induced by plant growth regulators and is indirect (preceded by callusing). Histological observations and culture conditions are compared in these two systems. The changes in antioxidative enzymes were followed during SE from the leaf explants. Special focus is given to the role of arabinogalactan proteins during SE, which were analyzed using a variety of approaches. The newest and preliminary results, including centaury transcriptome, novel potential SE markers, and novel types of arabinogalactan proteins, are discussed as perspectives of centaury research.

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“…Histological analysis of explants proved that these structures were somatic embryos which had direct epidermal unicellular origin, as opposed to shoots, whose regeneration was related to mitotic activity of root primary cortex (Subotić and Grubišić, 2007). SE and organogenesis were asynchronous because both processes were observed at different stages of development of the same explant (Trifunović et al, 2015). Different systems of markers for the particular morphogenetic phenomena have been described.…”

Section: Explants Considered For Embryogenic Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average number of regenerants as well as the percentage of regeneration was the highest when the concentration of 25 μM ß-Glc Yariv was applied. The results suggest that the stimulatory effect of the treatment with ß-Glc Yariv reagent in cultured roots can be explained as an enhanced wounding effect, since the cutting explant isolation occurred (Trifunović et al, 2015).…”

Section: Explants Considered For Embryogenic Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

et al. 2019

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The family Gentianaceae consists of 1736 species, which play an important role in human being existence due to their pharmacological and horticultural values. Many species accumulate bitter iridoid substances used medicinally and in flavorings, while others are cultivated because of beauty of their flowers showing a wide range of colors and patterns. Out of 99 genera belonging to the gentian family, process of somatic embryogenesis (SE) was reported for 5. The first reports, aimed at micropropagation of ornamental cultivars and production of secondary metabolites, concerned Centaurium erythraea Rafn., Eustoma russellianum Grieseb. and Exacum affine Balf. Somatic embryos were induced on different explants cultured in the liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxins and cytokinins. In the 1990s of the last century, significant progress in the exploration of the phenomenon of SE and its biotechnological application was made for the genus Gentiana . The process was induced on various explants and studied at the structural and ultrastructural levels. Regenerated plants were screened for genetic stability using flow cytometry, chromosome counting, and molecular markers. Besides typical indirect SE, the use of leaf fragments enabled to obtain single-cell origin of somatic embryos. On the other hand, proliferation of embryogenic callus in liquid medium resulted in the establishment of long-term embryogenic cell suspension cultures, paving the way not only to study the formation of somatic embryos and the development of regenerants but also to preserve the morphogenic potential of cell aggregates by cryopreservation. Cell suspensions re-established after storage in liquid nitrogen maintained their embryogenic character and allowed to obtain somatic embryo-derived regenerants that were true-to-type at both genetic and epigenetic levels. Another application of SE was related to genetic manipulation purposes. Efficient protocols of plant regeneration from callus-, cell suspension-, or leaf mesophyll-derived protoplasts allowed engaging procedures of somatic hybridization or protoplast electroporation for gentian genome modifications. Also, high embryogenic potential existing in the numerous gentian species enabled successful Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of G. cruciata L. and G. dahurica Fisch.

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The Role of Arabinogalactan Proteins in Morphogenesis of Centaurium erythraea Rafn In Vitro

Cited by 7 publications

References 93 publications

Spatial Distribution of Selected Chemical Cell Wall Components in the Embryogenic Callus of Brachypodium distachyon

Spatial Distribution of Selected Chemical Cell Wall Components in the Embryogenic Callus of Brachypodium distachyon

Somatic Embryogenesis in Centaurium erythraea Rafn—Current Status and Perspectives: A Review

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

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