The Role of Folic Acid in Oral Clefting

Hartridge, Tom; Illing, Heather; Sandy, Jonathan R

doi:10.1093/ortho/26.2.115

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Males are more likely than females to have a cleft lip with or without cleft palate, while females are at a slightly greater risk for cleft palate alone [6,7]. Since facial mesenchyme is derived from neural crest, it is postulated that periconceptional folic acid supplementation may reduce the occurrence of offspring with orofacial clefts [8]. Zinc also is important in fetal development, and deficiency of this nutrient causes isolated cleft palate and other malformations in animals; other nutrients such as riboflavin and vitamin A are also essential [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orofacial Clefts: A Worldwide Review of the Problem

Agbenorku

2013

ISRN Plastic Surgery

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Orofacial cleft is one of the commonest congenital abnormalities which impacts negatively on the life of the individual and to a large extent affects the family. Caused by the interaction of environmental and genetic factors, this abnormality brings about decreased quality of life. Management of this abnormality entails a team involving a cleft surgeon, speech therapist, dentist, orthodontists, and so forth. This study involves the review of the various literatures on orofacial clefts, discussing the problems on the genetic basis, associated syndromes, and their management. Counseling of prospective mothers should be promoted to ensure that the abnormality is prevented at the early stages. Education on orofacial clefts should be promoted to create awareness on its preventive measures. Much attention must be geared towards cleft genetics studies to identify potential risk factors which might be predisposing individuals to the anomaly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orofacial Clefts: A Worldwide Review of the Problem

Agbenorku

2013

ISRN Plastic Surgery

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“…Since the facial mesenchyme is derived from the neural crest, and that neural crest cells are believed to be important to neural tube closure, it has been postulated that the use of folic acid may also reduce the occurrence of offspring with orofacial clefts [Hartridge et al, 1999]. One possible mechanism is the correction of a metabolic defect caused by the thermolabile variant of the enzyme, MTHFR [Mills et al, 1999].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable contribution of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism to non‐syndromic cleft lip and palate risk in China

Zhu

Ren

Lü

et al. 2006

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations among newborn infants. It has been demonstrated that periconceptional folic acid supplementation may reduce the occurrence of offspring with clefts, particularly in the North China; however, the mechanism remains unknown. Our study of a thermolabile polymorphism (C677T) of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in 170 Chinese case-parent triads revealed a moderate association between this MTHFR polymorphism and nsCL/P in a population from North China, but not in a population from South China. Moreover, the study revealed that the heterozygous parents in the North were about twice as likely to transmit the high-risk T allele to affected cases, as that observed in the South (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.08-4.65). Thus, the MTHFR polymorphism is a significant risk factor for nsCL/P in this Northern Chinese population. Our study suggested possible genetic heterogeneity in the development of nsCL/P among Northern and Southern populations in China.

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“…The effect of smoking appears to be particularly consistent across studies. Intake of folic acid during pregnancy, on the other hand, seems to lower the risk of orofacial clefts [Hartridge et al, 1999]. In general, these effects appear to be stronger if the window of exposure coincides with the period most critical for organogenesis, which for lip and palate is somewhere between the third and twelfth week of gestation [Bender, 2000;Spritz, 2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleft palate, transforming growth factor alpha gene variants, and maternal exposures: Assessing gene‐environment interactions in case‐parent triads

Jugessur

Lie

Wilcox

et al. 2003

Genetic Epidemiology

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We have previously reported a threefold risk of cleft palate only (CPO) among children homozygous for the less common allele A2 at the TaqI marker site of the transforming growth factor alpha gene (TGFA) (Jugessur et al. [2003a] Genet. Epidemiol. 24:230-239). Here we assess possible interaction between the child's TGFA TaqI A2A2 genotype and maternal cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, use of multivitamins and folic acid. This was done by comparing the strength of genetic associations between strata of exposed and unexposed case-parent triads. We also looked for possible gene-gene interaction with the polymorphic variant C677T of the folic acid-metabolizing gene MTHFR. We analyzed a total of 88 complete CPO triads selected from a population-based study of orofacial clefts in Norway (May 1996-1998). No evidence of interaction was observed with either smoking or alcohol use. The risk associated with two copies of the A2 allele at TGFA TaqI was strong among children whose mothers did not use folic acid (relative risk=4.5, 95% confidence interval=1.3-15.7), and was only marginal among children whose mothers reported using folic acid (RR=1.4, 95% CI=0.2-12.7). Although the interaction between the child's genotypes at TGFA TaqI and MTHFR-C677T was not statistically significant, the effect of the TGFA TaqI A2A2 genotype appeared to be stronger among children with either one or two copies of the T-allele at C677T (RR=4.0, 95% CI=1.1-13.9) compared to children homozygous for the C-allele (RR=1.7, 95% CI=0.2-15.7). In conclusion, we find little evidence of interaction between the child's genotypes at TGFA TaqI and various exposures for cleft palate, with the possible exception of folic acid intake.

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The Role of Folic Acid in Oral Clefting

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Orofacial Clefts: A Worldwide Review of the Problem

Orofacial Clefts: A Worldwide Review of the Problem

Variable contribution of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism to non‐syndromic cleft lip and palate risk in China

Cleft palate, transforming growth factor alpha gene variants, and maternal exposures: Assessing gene‐environment interactions in case‐parent triads

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