The Role of Host Responses in the Recovery of Mice from Sendai Virus Infection

Abstract

SUMMARYThe antiviral responses in mice to intranasal inoculation with Sendai virus are described. To investigate the relative importance of the humoral, cell-mediated and interferon responses, the pathogenesis of this infection was studied in animals which were immunocompetent, T cell-deprived or immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide. Treatment with cyclopbosphamide converted the mild, self-limiting infection observed in immunocompetent mice into a severe and frequently lethal pneumonic disease. This was associated with an enhanced interferon response but no detectable antibody or cell-mediated immune response. T cell-deprived mice suffer an infection of intermediate severity associated with an increased interferon response, a normal humoral immune response and no cell-mediated immune response. The implications of these results in relation to the role of the antiviral responses in recovery from Sendai virus infection are discussed.

Impaired CD8+ T cell immunity after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation leads to persistent and severe respiratory viral infection

“…Type I Interferons (IFN) are secreted primarily by the respiratory epithelium in the early days of viral infection to elicit an innate antiviral response including recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells as well as control of viral replication [31]. Given the previous results, we wanted to determine if impaired viral clearance after AlloBMT is a result of decreased lung Type I IFN levels (Figure 4A).…”

Genetic determinants of lung virus titers and resistance to lethal Sendai virus pneumonia

“…It, causes mild upper to severe lower respiratory infections depending on a number of virus and host, vai~ables (1,24,30). One of the most influential variables is the host genotype.…”

Recovery of Nude Mice from Sendai Virus Infection after Adoptive Transfer of Spleen T Cells or T Cell‐Depleted Spleen Cells

“…These findings indicate that T cells play an important role in recovery from Sendai virus infection in mice. Anderson et al (2) reported that both cellular and humoral immunity contribute to the recovery of mice from Sendai virus infection. In this report, we show that non-T lymphocytes as well as T cells, both from Sendai virusimmune nul-l-mice, can adoptively eliminate the virus from infected nude mice and that specific antibody is not sufficient for eliminating the virus.…”