“…On the other hand, in the Arg WT group, the cell media concentration of TNF‐α was significantly reduced, and this may be related to the NO derivative of arginine, which seems to suppress the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages in the spleen. This may explain our previous results on the positive impact of arginine supplementation on bacterial translocation and intestinal permeability, 4 ‐ 7 since continuous production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF‐α may be more deleterious than beneficial during acute stress conditions 19 , 20 . Corroborating these data, Eun et al 20 evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of NO and observed that NO synthesis reduced the synthesis of the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐2 and IFN‐γ in cultured splenocytes.…”