The Role of Lipids and Lipid Metabolites in Urinary Bladder Dysfunction Induced by Partial Outlet Obstruction

Hass, Martha A.; Levin, Robert M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_16

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Similar skeletal muscle damage was induced by the influx of extracellular calcium is studies by Smith et al [40] . In our own studies, we also demonstrated that ischemic bladder dysfunction results in increased calpain and phospholipase activities [34,[41][42][43] . In studies using FURA-2 as a monitor of in- tracellular free calcium, we demonstrated that in rats mild partial outlet obstruction resulted in simultaneous increases in the contractile responses to a variety of agonists with increases in intracellular calcium; whereas in severe obstructive dysfunction there were simultaneous decreases in both contractile responses and intracellular calcium fluxes [44,45] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

Fitzpatrick

Schuler²,

Leggett³

et al. 2011

Urol Int

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Purpose: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase are two important antioxidant mechanisms that work together to reduce free radical damage. Intracellular free calcium in smooth muscle can change rapidly and many enzymes can be affected. The sensitivity of SOD and catalase activity to calcium was determined in both rabbit bladder smooth muscle and mucosa. Materials and Methods: Calcium sensitivity was analyzed by determining SOD and catalase activity in muscle and mucosa at the following calcium concentrations: 0 (in the presence of 1 mM EGTA), 1 and 5 mM CaCl₂. Results:SOD: EGTA resulted in increased SOD activity of bladder smooth muscle, whereas both 1 and 5 mM calcium significantly decreased SOD activity. EGTA had no effect on SOD activity of the mucosa whereas 1 and 5 mM calcium decreased SOD activity of the muscle. Catalase: 1 mM calcium resulted in decreased catalase activity of the muscle and no change in the activity of the mucosa, whereas 5 mM calcium resulted in increased catalase activity of the mucosa but no change in the activity of the muscle. Discussion:Mucosa showed more SOD and catalase activity than the muscle. Both SOD and catalase showed differing sensitivities to EGTA and calcium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…High cytosolic calcium can cause damage by activation of calciumlinked degradative enzymes such as PLA 2 and calpain [34,35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

Fitzpatrick

Schuler²,

Leggett³

et al. 2011

Urol Int

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“…In male rabbits, partial BOO results in marked changes in urinary bladder physiology, biochemistry, and morphology [14,15], secondary to changes in blood flow and oxygenation (ischaemia and reperfusion) [16,17]. Metabolically, we have shown also that partial BOO results in marked changes in lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The effect of ovariectomy and oestrogen therapy on the free fatty acid content, endogenous lipase activity, and phospholipid content of the rabbit urinary bladder

et al. 2008

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vehicle (3 weeks), and the control group received sham operation and vehicle. Cystometry was used to evaluate compliance and in vitro muscle strip studies quantified contractility. For the bulk of the bladder, the muscle and mucosa were separated; FFA and PL concentrations were analysed using standard biochemical techniques. RESULTSThe bladder contractile responses and compliance decreased after Ovx and returned to or above normal after oestrogen administration. Both FFA and PL concentrations of the mucosa were about three times greater than that of the smooth muscle. Ovx significantly reduced the FFA and PL concentrations of both muscle and mucosa, while oestrogen therapy restored them to normal. CONCLUSIONSReduced FFA and PL content of the smooth muscle membranes would decrease their fluidity and contribute to decreased compliance and contractility. Reduced FFA and PL content of the mucosa would be consistent with mucosal damage and may contribute to the increased incidences of incontinence and bladder infection.

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“…It is our hypothesis that the mechanisms by which I/R induced bladder dysfunction is through activation of speci¢c hydrolytic enzymes including calpain (Ca 2þ -activated protease) and phospholipase A 2 (Ca 2þ -activated lipase) with subsequent damage to intracellular organelles such as the mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum and via generation of free radicals and subsequent membrane lipid peroxidation [Lin et al, 1995b[Lin et al, , 1996Buttyan et al, 1997;Zhao et al, 1997;Hass and Levin, 2003].We now have direct evidence that partial outlet obstruction induces focal sites of hypoxia within the bladder smooth muscle [Ghafar et al, 2002;Levin et al, 2003]. The concept is that whenever the bladder contracts, the bladder wall compression reduces the blood £ow to the detrusor smooth muscle and results in areas of hypoxia, which then recovers to control levels during bladder ¢lling [Greenland et al, 1997[Greenland et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Kohki Tea and its protective effect against in vitro ischemic damage to the bladder

Levin¹,

Leggett²,

Whitbeck³

et al. 2004

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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The Role of Lipids and Lipid Metabolites in Urinary Bladder Dysfunction Induced by Partial Outlet Obstruction

Cited by 11 publications

References 82 publications

Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

The effect of ovariectomy and oestrogen therapy on the free fatty acid content, endogenous lipase activity, and phospholipid content of the rabbit urinary bladder

Oral Kohki Tea and its protective effect against in vitro ischemic damage to the bladder

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