The role of mitochondria in apoptosis

Jeong, Seon‐Yong; Seol, Dai-Wu

doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011

Cited by 574 publications

(399 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Under stress conditions, such as calcium dyshomeostasis, the ER-specific procaspase-12 can be activated by m-calpain, leading to caspase-3 activation [25]. However, the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic signaling pathway of apoptosis is currently considered the most relevant means of programmed cell death and has been the subject of intense scientific focus [26]. …”

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, mitochondria can induce apoptosis via both caspase-mediated and caspase-independent pathways [26]. The former is initiated by the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, where it complexes with apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), dATP, and procaspase-9, forming the apoptosome [26].…”

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former is initiated by the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, where it complexes with apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), dATP, and procaspase-9, forming the apoptosome [26]. Within this complex, procaspase-9 becomes activated, subsequently engaging caspase-3 [26]. In addition, mitochondria can release the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases/direct inhibitor of apoptosis-binding protein with low pI (Smac/DIABLO) and heat requirement A2 protein (Omi/HtrA2), both of which block the activity of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) [27].…”

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Pathways to the Same End: Mechanisms of Myonuclear Apoptosis in Sarcopenia of Aging

Marzetti

Privitera

Simili

et al. 2010

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle mass and function, represents a significant health issue due to the high prevalence of frailty and disability associated with this condition. Nevertheless, the cellular mechanisms responsible for the loss of muscle mass in old age are still largely unknown. An altered regulation of myocyte apoptosis has recently emerged as a possible contributor to the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Studies in animal models have shown that the severity of skeletal muscle apoptosis increases over the course of aging and correlates with the degree of muscle mass and strength decline. Several apoptotic pathways are operative in aged muscles, with the mitochondria- and TNF-α-mediated pathways likely being the most relevant to sarcopenia. However, despite the growing number of studies on the subject, a definite mechanistic link between myocyte apoptosis and age-related muscle atrophy has not yet been established. Furthermore, the evidence on the role played by apoptosis in human sarcopenia is still sparse. Clearly, further research is required to better define the involvement of myocyte apoptosis in the pathogenesis of muscle loss at advanced age. This knowledge will likely help in the design of more effective therapeutic strategies to preserve muscle mass into old age, thus fostering independence of the elderly population and reducing the socioeconomic burden associated with sarcopenia.

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Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signaling Pathways Of Apoptotic Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multiple Pathways to the Same End: Mechanisms of Myonuclear Apoptosis in Sarcopenia of Aging

Marzetti

Privitera

Simili

et al. 2010

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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“…Two cellular pathways trigger apoptosis: the intrinsic pathway, for which the mitochondrion is the central organelle governed by the pro-and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins, and the extrinsic pathway, consisting of the TNF-related family of cell surface receptors [28] . The Bcl-2 family can be divided into the anti-apoptotic members, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-x L , and pro-apoptotic members, such as Bax [28] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated human kallikrein gene therapy protects against hypertensive target organ injuries through inhibiting cell apoptosis

Yan

Wang

2009

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: Overexpression of human tissue kallikrein (HK), mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), decreased blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) and reduced injury to the heart, aorta and kidney. In this study, we used both an in vivo animal model and in vitro cell culture system to investigate whether rAAV-mediated HK gene therapy protects against organ damage by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Methods: rAAV encoding HK (rAAV-HK) or LacZ (rAAV-lacZ) were delivered as a control to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Results: Treatment with rAAV-HK decreased cell apoptosis in the target organs of SHRs and also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HEK 293 apoptosis. The rAAV-HK delivery system also increased the levels of apoptosis-inhibiting proteins bcl-2 and bcl-x L , and decreased the level of Bax and the activity of caspase 3, two promoters of apoptosis. In addition to its role in the inhibition of apoptosis, rAAV-HK also activated the cell survival and proliferation signaling pathways ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT. Conclusion: rAAV-mediated HK gene delivery has multiple therapeutic possibilities for treating hypertension, not only by decreasing blood pressure, but also by directly inhibiting end-organ damage.

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Mitochondrial Complex I Activity and Oxidative Damage to Mitochondrial Proteins in the Prefrontal Cortex of Patients With Bipolar Disorder

Andreazza

Shao²,

Wang³

et al. 2010

Arch Gen Psychiatry

398

249

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The role of mitochondria in apoptosis

Cited by 574 publications

References 118 publications

Multiple Pathways to the Same End: Mechanisms of Myonuclear Apoptosis in Sarcopenia of Aging

Multiple Pathways to the Same End: Mechanisms of Myonuclear Apoptosis in Sarcopenia of Aging

Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated human kallikrein gene therapy protects against hypertensive target organ injuries through inhibiting cell apoptosis

Mitochondrial Complex I Activity and Oxidative Damage to Mitochondrial Proteins in the Prefrontal Cortex of Patients With Bipolar Disorder

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