The Science of Speed: Determinants of Performance in the 100 m Sprint

Abstract

Performance in the 100 m sprint is influenced by a multitude of factors including starting strategy, stride length, stride frequency, physiological demands, biomechanics, neural influences, muscle composition, anthropometrics, and track and environmental conditions. The sprint start, the accelerative phase of the race, depends greatly on muscular power. INTRODUCTIONThe shortest existing competition in outdoor track and field running events is the 100 m sprint. As in any sprint race, the primary objective of the 100 m sprint is to cover the designated distance in the shortest time possible. Historically, the race has been recognized as a focal component of track and field, as the man and woman who owns the gender-specific world record in the 100 m sprint also traditionally carries the prominent title of "world's fastest athlete".

Comparison between sprint training methods in different types of athletes

“…A week-type of work must include specific core-stability sessions in order to improve the stability of own system and avoid and / or prevent dangerous compensation, insert particular and specific work of force to alternate with those on the track, a particular tense path to combine various expressions and exercises of strength (with overloads, plyometrics) using a sort of contrast between the various elements. Once the "entry" level is established to which the subject settles, it is possible to prepare a progressive program that guides the subject to perform increasingly demanding exercises (Aditi S. Majumdar et al, 2011). It is of fundamental importance to present to each athlete "running" as a movement in the life of a relationship, rather than as a moment of the dynamic technical specialization of an athletic form.…”

A Pragmatic Approach to Resolving Technological Unfairness: the Case of Nike’s Vaporfly and Alphafly Running Footwear

“…The shoes' introduction has not obtained any greater change than the reasons attributed to any former records being broken. In addition, improvements have been recorded in both footwear and track surfaces in running events [41]. Therefore, the integrity of the competitive running environment prior to the Nike Vaporfly/Alphafly introduction was arguably inconsistent already and that the 'level playing field' never really existed in the first place.…”

The influence of ego depletion on sprint start performance in athletes without track and field experience

“…According to Englert and Bertrams (2014) the level of expertise seemed to be an important factor in their study. Indeed, false starts are less likely in more experienced sprinters ( Majumdar and Robergs, 2011 ; Pilianidis et al, 2012 ).…”