The sensitivity of the respiration of luminous bacteria for 2, 4‐dinitrophenol

Abstract

Since the revival of interest in the biological action of 2, 4-dinitrophenol through the work of Cutting and Tainter ( '32) and their associates, considerable information has been made available regarding the action of the drug on the animal as a whole. Comparatively few studies have been made on the action of 2, 4-dinitrophenol on unicellular organisms, although it has been pointed out that the substance in minute amounts will directly affect tissue cells, (Ehrenfest and Ronzoni, '33) and stimulate oxidative metabolism. The possibility that 2, 4-dinitrophenol might show marked action on cells of high oxygen-consuming ability, led 11s to attempt experiments with a marine luminous bacterium, Achromobacter fischeri,

Effects of 2, 4-Dinitrophenol on the Early Development of the Teleost, Oryzias Latipes

“…The stimulating action of 2, 4-dinitrophenol on metabolism and oxygen consumption has been demonstrated for many organisms both embryonic and adult (Shoup and Kimler, 1934, luminous bacteria; Bodine and Boell, 1938, grasshopper embryos;Root and Etkin, 1937, toadfish;and others). It raises the metabolic rate of female rats (Halpern and Hendryson, 1935) but does not accelerate development in amphibian embryos (Cutting and Tainter, 1933;Dawson, 1938;Buchanan, 1938).…”

The Relation Between Cell Integrity and Bacterial Luminescence

“…The work of Shoup (1929Shoup ( , 1933Shoup ( , 1934 and of Taylor (1932Taylor ( , 1934 has shown that when respiration is inhibited by a variety of methods, e.g. K(\\, TO, excessive-dinitrophenol, lowered oxygen tension, luminescence is not affected until respiration is reduced to about 40-50 per cent of the normal, when the intensity drops off.…”

Luminous Bacterial Auxanograms in Relation to Heavy Metals and Narcotics, Self-Photographed in Color

“…Poisons of various kinds are known to reduce the intensity of luminescence in essentially non-proliferating suspensions or masses of the bacteria (Beijeinrck, 1889, 1891Harvey, 1915;Harvey and Taylor, 1934;Hill, 1929Hill, , 1932Taylor, 1932Taylor, , 1934Taylor, , 1936Shoup, 1933;Shoup and Kimler, 1934;Korr, 1935;van Schouwenburg, 1938;van Schouwenburg and van der Burg, 1940; Johnson and Chambers, 1939;Johnson and Moore, 1941) and in some cases a stimulation of luminescence by low concentrations of the inhibitors has been noted (Taylor, 1934(Taylor, , 1936van Schouwenburg, 1938). A stimulation of growth and luminescence in broth cultures by low concentrations of urethane and of sulfanilamide (Johnson, 1942) as well as the stimulatory effects of bacteriostatic compounds, in low concentration, for various species on agar (Lamanna, 1942) lend a renewed interest to the familiar biological problem of apparent stimulations caused by low concentrations of toxic agents in general.…”