The spectrum of infection and sensitivity of organisms isolated from African and Indian children in a Durban hospital

Scragg, J. N.; Appelbaum, Peter C.; Govender, Dhirendra

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(78)90118-9

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In Africa, MRSA strains were first isolated in 1978. From 1986 to 1987, a hospital outbreak was recorded in South Africa while community acquired-MRSA (CA-MRSA) infections were reported in the 1990s in Zimbabwe [3][4][5].…”

Section: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Among Patients Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients in a teaching hospital in Ghana

Karikari¹,

Frimpong²,

Owusu-Ofori³

2017

Int J One Health

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Aim: This study determined the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and assessed the resistance profiles of strains. Materials and Methods:Inpatients and outpatients of all age groups presenting with sepsis as well as skin and soft tissue infections were screened from October 2006 to March 2007. Resistance to methicillin (oxacillin) and other relevant antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) by the E-test (AB, Biodisk, Solna, Sweden).Results: Methicillin resistance was 34.8% (87/250), majority (67/87) of which were hospital acquired MRSA. Resistance was 100% to the β-lactams, 78.2% to cotrimoxazole, 75.8% to tetracycline, 59.8% to gentamicin, 56.3% to flucloxacillin, 34.4% to erythromycin, and 32.2% to cefuroxime. MIC ranged from 4-256, 0.125-256, 0.064-32, and 1.5-32, respectively, to oxacillin, gentamicin, cotrimoxazole, and ceftriaxone. Conclusion:Prevalence of MRSA is high in Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, and routine surveillance should be put in place to monitor the epidemiology of this pathogen.

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Section: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Among Patients Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients in a teaching hospital in Ghana

Karikari¹,

Frimpong²,

Owusu-Ofori³

2017

Int J One Health

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“…1,2 One of the earliest reports on MRSA in Africa was by Scragg et al 3 Subsequently, MRSA was reported from the mid '80s to the 1990s in a number of African countries including Ethiopia, 4 Kenya, 5 Nigeria, 6,7 Senegal, 8 South Africa and Sudan. [9][10][11][12] Resistance to methicillin (and to all β-lactam antibiotics) in Staphylococcus aureus is primarily associated with the acquisition of the mecA gene coding for the penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP 2a), involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis.…”

Section: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 This has resulted in the development of various laboratory techniques to enhance the expression of this resistance in vitro. 3,4 Examples of these methods are slide latex agglutination test, rapid solid-phase immunoassay, and various disc diffusion methods. mecA gene detection tests based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or DNA hybridization have proved to be more specific and more sensitive than conventional tests, particularly in very heterogeneous strains.…”

Section: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Accra, Ghana

Odonkor

Newman

Addo

2012

Microbiol Res (Pavia)

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Over the last four decades, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has spread throughout the world and become highly endemic in many geographical areas. This pathogen causes severe morbidity and mortality in hospitals worldwide. MRSA is also considered a major community acquired pathogen throughout the world. MRSA is implicated in serious clinical conditions such as bacteremia, pneumonia, and intra-abdominal infection. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA in Accra, Ghana, and also to determine its antibiotic susceptibility profile. Two hundred and fifty Staphylococcus aureus isolates from routine microbiological specimens were collected from five hospitals in Accra. MRSA screening assay was used to screen for MRSA. Disc diffusion method (KirbyBauer) was used to determine the susceptibility of the MRSA. The MRSA screening assay, which is very close to the polymerase chain reaction in terms of specificity and sensitivity, showed that 84 of the 250 isolates were MRSA, giving a prevalence rate of 33.6%. MRSA strains were susceptible to erythromycin; 63 out of the 84 MRSA isolates were susceptible representing 75%. This was followed by gentamicin 46 (54.7%), cotrimoxazole 35 (49%), cefuroxime 33 (38%), flucloxacillin 24 (28.6%), and ampicillin 13 (15.5%). Penicillin 4 (4.8%) and tetracycline 6 (7.1%) were the least susceptible. The findings from this study emphasize the need for continual surveillance of MRSA and of antibiotic resistance in general.

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“…As in other parts of the world (Scragg, Appelbaum & Govender, 1978) this pattern of resistance may result from widespread use of antibiotics in this area, or less specifically, may be related to the large circulation of a working force coming regularly to the United Arab Emirates from the Indian subcontinent. Whatever the reason may be for the above pattern of antibiotic resistance, it would be prudent that the antibiotic sensitivity of each patient's isolate be determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic sensitivity of enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from patients in a Sharjah hospital

Damjanović

Furtado

Patmore

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYIn recent years widespread circulation of salmonella and shigella strains resistant to multiple antibiotics has become an international problem. Accordingly the bacterial sensitivity to a range of antibiotics has been assessed in vitro and recorded for the period 1979-83 for patients from the Al Qassimi Hospital. A total of 229 enteric pathogens from 148 children and 59 adult patients were isolated and studied. Most of the enterobacteria were sensitive to colistin, gentamicin, trimethoprim and chloramphenicol (Salmonella typhi approached 1000 sensitivity).High rates of sensitivity were also found to ampicillin in S. typhi (96 00) and other salmonella serotypes (850%), whilst only 57 O% of Shigella species and 140% of Escherichia coli were sensitive to this antibiotic. Low rates of sensitivity to sulphamethoxazole, streptomycin and tetracycline were found in shigella and E. coli (ranging from 7 to 14%). Approximately 5000 of S. typhi and other salmonella serotypes were sensitive to sulphamethoxazole and streptomycin and 800 to tetracycline. Resistance to three or more antibiotics was very common in shigella and enteropathogenic strains of E. coli (74-850), less common in non-typhoid salmonella (290%) and exceptional in S. typhi strains. In general, shigella and E. coli isolates showed a high rate of resistance to several antibiotics, whilst S. typhi and other salmonella serotypes retained their original sensitivity to most of the antibiotics used in clinical practice.

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The spectrum of infection and sensitivity of organisms isolated from African and Indian children in a Durban hospital

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients in a teaching hospital in Ghana

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients in a teaching hospital in Ghana

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Accra, Ghana

Antibiotic sensitivity of enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from patients in a Sharjah hospital

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