The Spiekeroog Coastal Observatory: A Scientific Infrastructure at the Land-Sea Transition Zone (Southern North Sea)

Pieck, Daniela; Schulz, Jan; Thölen, Claudia; Wollschläger, Jochen; Albinus, Michelle; Badewien, Thomas H.; Braun, Axel; Engelen, Bert; Feenders, Christoph; Fock, Swaantje; Lehners, Carola; Lõhmus, Kertu; Lübben, Andrea; Massmann, Gudrun; Meyerjürgens, Jens; Nicolai, H.; Pollmann, Thomas; Schwalfenberg, Kai; Stone, Jana; Waska, Hannelore; Winkler, Holger

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.754905

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…Several deep-sea nodes have been deployed at key locations in world seas, from the Arctic to the Atlantic, through the Mediterranean to the Black Sea, e.g., MARS (Monterey Accelerated Research System) [ 8 ], NEPTUNE (North-East Pacific Time-Series Undersea Network experiments) [ 9 ] and VENUS (Victoria Experimental Network Under the Sea) [ 10 ], as well as shallow water nodes, such as COSYNA (Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas) [ 11 , 12 ], OBSEA [ 13 ] and SmartBay (Smart Bay Cabled Observatory) [ 14 ]. For a more detailed overview of long-term observatories in operation worldwide, we refer to Zielinski et al [ 15 ].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deep-Learning Based Pipeline for Estimating the Abundance and Size of Aquatic Organisms in an Unconstrained Underwater Environment from Continuously Captured Stereo Video

Böer

Gröger

Badri-Höher

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The utilization of stationary underwater cameras is a modern and well-adapted approach to provide a continuous and cost-effective long-term solution to monitor underwater habitats of particular interest. A common goal of such monitoring systems is to gain better insight into the dynamics and condition of populations of various marine organisms, such as migratory or commercially relevant fish taxa. This paper describes a complete processing pipeline to automatically determine the abundance, type and estimate the size of biological taxa from stereoscopic video data captured by the stereo camera of a stationary Underwater Fish Observatory (UFO). A calibration of the recording system was carried out in situ and, afterward, validated using the synchronously recorded sonar data. The video data were recorded continuously for nearly one year in the Kiel Fjord, an inlet of the Baltic Sea in northern Germany. It shows underwater organisms in their natural behavior, as passive low-light cameras were used instead of active lighting to dampen attraction effects and allow for the least invasive recording possible. The recorded raw data are pre-filtered by an adaptive background estimation to extract sequences with activity, which are then processed by a deep detection network, i.e., Yolov5. This provides the location and type of organisms detected in each video frame of both cameras, which are used to calculate stereo correspondences following a basic matching scheme. In a subsequent step, the size and distance of the depicted organisms are approximated using the corner coordinates of the matched bounding boxes. The Yolov5 model employed in this study was trained on a novel dataset comprising 73,144 images and 92,899 bounding box annotations for 10 categories of marine animals. The model achieved a mean detection accuracy of 92.4%, a mean average precision (mAP) of 94.8% and an F1 score of 93%.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deep-Learning Based Pipeline for Estimating the Abundance and Size of Aquatic Organisms in an Unconstrained Underwater Environment from Continuously Captured Stereo Video

Böer

Gröger

Badri-Höher

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…The barrier island Spiekeroog is one out of seven East Frisian tidal barrier islands, stretching the coastline of Lower Saxony, with a solid pre-existing scientific and observational infrastructure [49] that compensates well for disadvantages in accessibility (access by ferry, no roads on site). The island features both hard protection infrastructure and large natural reservation areas with marginal intervention.…”

Section: Locations Of Real-world Laboratory Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Insights Gained in a Real-World Laboratory for the Implementation of New Coastal Protection Strategies

Kempa¹,

Karrasch²,

Schlurmann³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Novel strategies in coastal protection are needed to cope with climate change-induced sea level rise. They aim at the sustainable development of coastal areas in light of an intensification and land use changes. A promising approach is the design of nature-based solutions (NbS), complementing the safety levels of technical infrastructures. However, NbS lack a widespread and large-scale implementation. To address this deficit, co-design concepts are needed that combine experiences from science and practice. This work presents and discusses the approach of a coast-specific real-world laboratory (RwL) addressing the inclusive design of ecosystem-based coastal protection. Strategies of RwLs are applied for the first time in a coastal context along the North Sea coastline in Germany. We found the concept of RwLs suitable for coastal transdisciplinary research, although adaptions in the spatial reference level or flexibility in location and time of experimentation are necessary. A profound actor analysis is indispensable to specify participatory processes and interaction levels. A criteria-based cooperative selection of RwL sites helps to reveal and solve conflicting interests to achieve trust between science and practice. Addressing site-specific characteristics and practitioners’ needs, our coastal RwL provides a mutual learning space to develop and test NbS to complement technical coastal protection.

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“…As a result of this comparative assessment within the pre-chosen regions, three final RwL sites have been selected: (1) Spiekeroog, (2) Nessmersiel and (3) Butjadingen (Figure 2). The barrier island Spiekeroog is one out of seven East Frisian tidal barrier islands, stretching the coastline of Lower Saxony, with a solid pre-existing scientific and observational infrastructure [49] that compensates well for disadvantages in accessibility (access by ferry, no roads on site). The island features both hard protection infrastructure and large natural reservation areas with marginal intervention.…”

Section: Locations Of Real-world Laboratory Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a peninsula in the Weser estuary, representing estuarine conditions with a polder that has been restored in the recent past allowing for a hindcast assessment of coastal restoration work [50]. Estuarine conditions are a significant part of the overall German North Sea coastline, and thus, the surveyed actors felt the need The barrier island Spiekeroog is one out of seven East Frisian tidal barrier islands, stretching the coastline of Lower Saxony, with a solid pre-existing scientific and observational infrastructure [49] that compensates well for disadvantages in accessibility (access by ferry, no roads on site). The island features both hard protection infrastructure and large natural reservation areas with marginal intervention.…”

Section: Locations Of Real-world Laboratory Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Insights Gained in a Real-World Laboratory for the Implementation of New Coastal Protection Strategies

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Novel strategies in coastal protection are needed to cope with climate change-induced sea level rise. They aim at the sustainable development of coastal areas in light of intensification and land use changes. A promising approach is the design of nature-based solutions (NbS), complementing the safety levels of technical infrastructure. However, NbS lack a widespread and large-scale implementation. To address this deficit, co-design concepts are needed that combine experiences from science and practice. This work presents and discusses the approach of a coast-specific real-world laboratory (RwL) addressing the inclusive design of ecosystem-based coastal protection. Strategies of RwLs are applied for the first time in a coastal context along the North Sea coastline in Germany. We found the concept of RwLs suitable for coastal transdisciplinary research, although adaptions in the spatial reference level or flexibility in location and time of experimentation are necessary. A profound actor analysis is indispensable to specify participatory processes and interaction levels. A criteria-based cooperative selection of RwL sites helps to reveal and solve conflicting interests to achieve trust between science and practice. Addressing site-specific characteristics and practitioners’ needs, our coastal RwL provides a mutual learning space to develop and test NbS to complement technical coastal protection.

show abstract

The Spiekeroog Coastal Observatory: A Scientific Infrastructure at the Land-Sea Transition Zone (Southern North Sea)

Cited by 13 publications

References 132 publications

A Deep-Learning Based Pipeline for Estimating the Abundance and Size of Aquatic Organisms in an Unconstrained Underwater Environment from Continuously Captured Stereo Video

A Deep-Learning Based Pipeline for Estimating the Abundance and Size of Aquatic Organisms in an Unconstrained Underwater Environment from Continuously Captured Stereo Video

Design and Insights Gained in a Real-World Laboratory for the Implementation of New Coastal Protection Strategies

Design and Insights Gained in a Real-World Laboratory for the Implementation of New Coastal Protection Strategies

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