The structure and mechanical properties of sheets prepared from bacterial cellulose

Yamanaka, Shigeru; Watanabe, Kunihiko; Kitamura, Noriko; Iguchi, Masatoshi; Mitsuhashi, Susumu; Nishi, Yoshio; Uryu, Masaru

doi:10.1007/bf01139032

Cited by 520 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Here experimental values for A (10.5), X c (0.07), X r (0-0.3), and E′ s (16 MPa) were used and eq 1 was fitted to the data to elucidate E′ r .The determined E′ r value of 4.0 GPa is also higher than the range reported before (0.2-0.7 GPa) ( 23,46), which qualitatively mirrors the situation of the tunicate whisker based nanocomposites discussed above. Figure 8 reveals further that the nanocomposites made from redispersed lyophilized cotton whiskers display a considerably lower stiffness than materials of similar composition made from cotton whiskers dispersed by solvent-exchange.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Cellulose Whisker/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Tang¹,

Weder²

2010

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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New nanocomposites composed of cellulose nanofibers or "whiskers" and an epoxy resin were prepared. Cellulose whiskers with aspect ratios of ∼10 and ∼84 were isolated from cotton and sea animals called tunicates, respectively. Suspensions of these whiskers in dimethylformamide were combined with an oligomeric difunctional diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with an epoxide equivalent weight of 185-192 and a diethyl toluenediamine-based curing agent. Thin films were produced by casting these mixtures and subsequent curing. The whisker content was systematically varied between 4 and 24% v/v. Electron microscopy studies suggest that the whiskers are evenly dispersed within the epoxy matrix. Dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis revealed that the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the materials was not significantly influenced by the incorporation of the cellulose filler. Between room temperature and 150°C, i.e., below T g , the tensile storage moduli (E′) of the nanocomposites increased modestly, for example from 1.6 GPa for the neat polymer to 4.9 and 3.6 GPa for nanocomposites comprising 16% v/v tunicate or cotton whiskers. The relative reinforcement was more significant at 185°C (i.e., above T g ), where E′ was increased from ∼16 MPa (neat polymer) to ∼1.6 GPa (tunicate) or ∼215 MPa (cotton). The mechanical properties of the new materials are well-described by the percolation model and are the result of the formation of a percolating whisker network in which stress transfer is facilitated by strong interactions between the whiskers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Cellulose Whisker/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Tang¹,

Weder²

2010

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The BC pellicle comprises a random assembly of microfibrils of less than 100 nm diameter, which are much finer than plant cellulose. 2,3 High purity and tremendous water holding capability add to its superior biocompatibility, which favors the use of BC in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. BC has also recently attracted a great deal of attentions for biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of a novel bacterial cellulose/chitosan bio-hydrogel

Jia

Wang

Huo³

et al. 2017

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Composites of chitosan chloride and bacterial cellulose were successfully prepared by in situ method. Composites of bacterial cellulose/chitosan and pristine bacterial cellulose were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and bacteriostatic test. The crystallization of bacterial cellulose was interfered and weakened by the chitosan chloride included in the growth media, resulting in lower crystallinity index and thermal stability. And interaction between two polymers is verified by the thermal gravimetric analysis. The ultrafine nanofibril network structure of bacterial cellulose was retained by the composites, while the diameters were larger and the aperture inside were smaller than those of pristine bacterial cellulose, as shown through scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope figures. The antimicrobial effects were enhanced by the increasing concentration of chitosan in composites. All the characteristics of the composites provide evidence for the miscibility of chitosan and cellulose. Their biocompatibility is proved through our published data. It is strongly indicated that bacterial cellulose-chitosan nanocomposites have great potential in tissue engineering or pharmaceutical applications in the near future.

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“…BC film has a potential to replace synthetic polymers due to its high chemical purity and other excellent qualities such as high mechanical stability and strength. Today, BC was used commercially in a wide range application from foods to functional materials such as diaphragms in speakers and headphones, electronic devices, wound dressings, high-quality additive to paper, artificial skin, cellulose derivative, optic material, edible strips and membrane filter [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mechanical properties of modified bacterial cellulose composite films

Indrarti¹,

Indriyati²,

Syampurwadi³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The effect of the addition of sorbitol and glycerol towards the edible film characteristics of the belitung taro starch and the lime leaves as antimicrobial AIP Conference Proceedings 1699, 040011 (2015) Abstract. To open wide range application opportunities of Bacterial Cellulose (BC) such as for agricultural purposes and edible film, BC slurries were blended with Glycerol (Gly), Sorbitol (Sor) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC). The physical and mechanical properties of BC composites were investigated to gain a better understanding of the relationship between BC and the additive types. Addition of glycerol, sorbitol and CMC influenced the water solubility of BC composite films. FTIR analysis showed the characteristic bands of cellulose. Addition of CMC, glycerol, and sorbitol slightly changed the FTIR spectrum of the composites. Tensile test showed that CMC not only acted as cross-linking agent where the tensile strength doubled up to 180 MPa, but also acted as plasticizer with the elongation at break increased more than 100% compared to that of BC film. On the other hand, glycerol and sorbitol acted as plasticizers that decreased the tensile strength and increased the elongation. Addition of CMC can improve film transparency, which is quite important in consumer acceptance of edible films in food industry.

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The structure and mechanical properties of sheets prepared from bacterial cellulose

Cited by 520 publications

References 6 publications

Cellulose Whisker/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Cellulose Whisker/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Preparation and characterization of a novel bacterial cellulose/chitosan bio-hydrogel

Physical and mechanical properties of modified bacterial cellulose composite films

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