The Tolerance of Man to Cold as Affected by Dietary Modification: Carbohydrate Versus Fat and the Effect of the Frequency of Meals

Mitchell, H. H.; Glickman, Nathaniel; Lambert, Edward H.; Keeton, Robert W.; Fahnestock, M. K.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1946.146.1.84

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Many investigators (LEBLANC, 1957, andYASUMOTO, 1969b) have already reported the significant superiority of high-fat-fed rats among various dietary groups in maintaining body temperature under cold stress. MITCHELL et al (1946) confirmed it in human subjects. The results of the present experiment (experiment III) coincide with those previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Effect of High-Fat Diet on Thermal Acclimation With Special Reference to Thyroid Activity

1972

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Effect of High-Fat Diet on Thermal Acclimation With Special Reference to Thyroid Activity

1972

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“…Thereafter the favouring effect of fat on cold resistance has been the subject of several investigators (Dugal, Leblond and Th~rien, 1945;LeBlanc, 1957;P~ge and Babineau, 1953;Mitchell et al, 1946). It was also found that rats exposed to cold had a high preferanee for fat diets (Leblond, 1944).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of a high fat diet on thyroid activity, with special reference to thyroidal responses to cold

Kuroshima

Doi²,

Itoh³

1971

Int J Biometeorol

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The r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n the c o m p o s i t i o n of diet and t o l e r a n c e to cold h a s b e e n studied by a n u m b e r of i n v e s t i g a t o r s . Duga], Leblond and T h~r i e n (1945) have shown that a diet r i c h in fat w a s d e c i d e d l y s u p e r i o r to a low fat diet with r e g a r d to the r e s i s t a n c e to cold in the r a t . P~ge and B a b i n e a u (1953) o b s e r v e d that r a t s fed a h i g h fat diet t h r i v e d m o r e at r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e o r in the cold than t h o s e fed a low fat diet. L e B l a n e (1957) r e p o r t e d that on e x p o s u r e to cold the drop of r e c t a l t e mp e r a t u r e in r a t s fed a n o r m a l diet was f a s t e r and m o r e p r o n o u n c e d than in t h o s e fed a high fat diet. High fat diet was also found in m a n to be s u p e r i o r to high c a rb o h y d r a t e diet in e n a b l i n g the body t e m p e r a t u r e to be m a i n t a i n e d in a cold e nv i r o n m e n t (Mitchell, G l i c k m a n , L a m b e r t , Keeton and F a h n e s t o c k (1946). T h e s e o b s e r v a t i o n s s u g g e s t that d i e t s high in fat c o n t e n t a r e b e n e f i c i a l f o r life in the cold. I n c r e a s e d n o n s h i v e r i n g t h e r m o g e n e s i s on e x p o s u r e to cold is g e n e r a l l y c o n s i d e r e d as the p r i m a r y and e s s e n t i a l a d j u s t m e n t f o r m e t a b o l i c a d a p t a t i o n to cold in the r a t and this a d j u s t m e n t h a s b e e n found to be a s s o c i a t e d with a c o n s i d e r a b l e i nc r e a s e in s e v e r a l a s p e c t s of t h y r o i d a c t i v i t i e s such as the s y n t h e s i s , s e c r e t i o n and p e r i p h e r a l t u r n o v e r of the t h y r o i d h o r m o n e (Smith and H o i j e r , 1962). T h e r ef o r e , it is likely that the effect of high fat diet on cold t o l e r a n c e m i g h t be e x e r t e d t h r o u g h t h y r o i d a l f a c t o r s . In the p r e s e n t study we a i m e d to e l u c i d a t e if a high fat diet would affect the t h y r o i d activity and r e s p o n s e to cold e x p o s u r e . M E T H O D S A N D M A T E R I A L SThe a n i m a l s used w e r e m a l e r a t s of W i s t a r s t r a i n , weighing about 250 g. They w e r e fed a s t a n d a r d c o n t r o l diet o r a high fat diet f o r 4 to 5 weeks p r i o r to e xp e r i m e n t s at a r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e of 20°C. The s t a n d a r d diet was a c o m m e r c i a l r a t b i s c u i t ( O r i e n t a l MF), c o n t a i n i n g 14% fat, 59% c a r b o h y d r a t e and 27% p r o t e i n . The high fat diet c o n s i s t e d of 80% fat, 10% c a r b o h y d r a t e and 10% p r o t e i n . Its fat c o m p o s i t i o n was l a r d and c o d -o i l (10:1 w/w). An a p p r o p r i a t e m u l t i v i t a m i n m i xt u r e ( P a n v i t a n powder, Takeda P h a r m a c e u t . Co. and M c C o l l u m Salt No. 185) was also added to the high fat diet. The iodine c o n t e n t of t h e s e d i e t s was b ...

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“…Increasing the fat constituent of the diet has been shown to have salutary effects upon temperature maintenance in humans (Mitchell, Glickman, Lambert, Keeton, & Fahnestock, 1946), and upon survival time in rats exposed to cold environments (Dugal, 1944;Dugal & Therien, 1947;Giaja & Gelineo, 1934). Hamilton (1963) found that a high fat diet reduced the amount of heat rats worked for when exposed to cold.…”

Section: Effects Of High Fat Diets On Caloric Intake Body Weight and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high fat diets on caloric intake body weight, and heat-escape responses in normal and hyperphagic rats.

Lipton¹

1969

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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The Tolerance of Man to Cold as Affected by Dietary Modification: Carbohydrate Versus Fat and the Effect of the Frequency of Meals

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of High-Fat Diet on Thermal Acclimation With Special Reference to Thyroid Activity

Effect of High-Fat Diet on Thermal Acclimation With Special Reference to Thyroid Activity

Effects of a high fat diet on thyroid activity, with special reference to thyroidal responses to cold

Effects of high fat diets on caloric intake body weight, and heat-escape responses in normal and hyperphagic rats.

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