The Trend of Mandatory Vaccination among Children in Egypt

Saad, Amal; Safi-El-Dine, Ashwak; El-Shamy, Karima Abbas

doi:10.2174/1875035400902010077

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…According to Sallam [37] pertussis has almost disappeared since introducing the whole cell Pertussis–Diphtheria–Tetanus vaccine in the Egyptian national program of immunization 1968 [16] . No epidemics or outbreaks have been reported in Egypt as has been described in other well developed countries [38] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, many developed as well as developing countries including the Eastern Mediterranean region [15] have recommended adult vaccination against pertussis. In Egypt, the whole cell vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DPT) has been introduced in the schedule of compulsory vaccination for Egyptian children at 2, 4, and 6 months followed by a booster dose in the second year of life [16] . Comparison of pertussis incidence between countries is problematic due to differences in case definition, access to diagnostic tests, clinician awareness and differences in immunization strategies [10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1–18 years

Ibrahim

El-Kady

Eissa

et al. 2016

Journal of Advanced Research

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Pertussis specific antibodies were studied with respect to quality and quantity in a cohort of apparently healthy Egyptian children and adolescents, with their age range between 1 and 18 years, in an attempt to get a close and clear insight into the current humoral immunization status in this specified group and to try find a relation between the antibody levels and their avidities in eradication of this devastating infectious disease. Our results showed that avidity increase was most marked in young school children (6–8 years) where it seemed to reach a plateau in older children and adolescents. Antibody titer was highest in toddlers (1–2 years) and young school children (6–8 years) groups, most probably following vaccination and/or booster doses. Among children aged 1–5 years, 28% had highly avid and 50% had high titer antibodies, whereas in adolescents aged 13–18 years, 70% had highly avid antibodies and only 30% had high titer antibodies. The results clearly demonstrated that while levels of anti-Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) antibodies wane with growing age, the avidity seems to increase, to a plateau, irrespective of further antigen exposure in a pattern showing complete independence of avidity on concentration. The present study draws attention to the importance of avidity measurements, together with conventional ELISAs, for evaluating immunity against pertussis. Being based on a limited sample size, it could open doors for larger-scale surveys to be possible indicators for the need and timing of booster vaccination doses among Egyptians.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1–18 years

Ibrahim

El-Kady

Eissa

et al. 2016

Journal of Advanced Research

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“…It is part of the "Expanded Programme on Immunization", planned to be given in 3 doses for all newborns at 2, 4, and 6 months after birth. Some studies showed that the hepatitis B coverage rate was markedly increased from 91% in 1996 to 97.3% by 2005 [48,49].…”

Section: Anti-hcv and Hbv Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Oncology Care in Egypt

Ibrahim

Shash

2022

Cancer in the Arab World

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Egypt is a young nation with a growing oncology health sector. It is faced with many challenges, such as the endemicity of HCV and schistosomiasis causing the high prevalence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma and bladder cancer respectively. In recognition of their tremendous health and economic burden, the Egyptian government established the “100 Million Healthy Lives” campaign in September 2018 for the screening of HBV, HCV, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus patients. MoH also founded the National Committee for Control of Viral Hepatitis to implement an integrated national strategy to contain the situation. More oncology-specialized hospitals and units are built every year to cope with the increased demand, such as the New National Cancer Institute, Shefaa El-Orman hospital, and Baheya hospital. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), especially neoplasms, are the twenty-first century’s biggest challenge after significant control of communicable ones with the advancement of antimicrobial and progression of community health and epidemiology knowledge. Hence, we believe more light should be shed on their burden in society to increase public awareness and encourage investment in the health care sector.

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“…A two dose program with varicella vaccination is also likely to be required for elimination of childhood varicella and has been recently recommended in the United States (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Measles , Rubella , Mumps and Varicella Specific Antibodies in Primary School Children

Arafa¹,

Abdelmotaleb²,

Shaker³

2016

ME-JFM

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Measles, mumps, rubella and varicella are diseases that are tracked by the World Health Organization (WHO) as common and serious vaccine-preventable diseases. Aim of the Work: To evaluate the immune status and susceptibility against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in primary school children and to study the effects of some sociodemographic factors on the seroprevalence. Subjects and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 180 children. All children included in this study were subjected to thorough history taking and laboratory investigations; to measure serum levels of specific measles, rubella, mumps and varicella immunoglobulins (IgG) Results: (88.9%) of the surveyed children were seropositive to measles, (77.8%) to mumps, (86.7%) to rubella and (38.9%) to varicella. Seropositivity was higher in males than in females for measles (57.7%), mumps (60.7%), rubella (62.2%) and varicella (68.6%) with significant difference for measles. Younger age groups were less seropositive than older age groups for measles (32.5% vs 35%), mumps (34.4 % vs 37.9%), rubella (30.8 % vs 39.7 %) and for varicella (21.4%) vs 48.6%). The highest level of seronegativity was seen with regard to varicella specific antibodies (61.1%). Conclusion and recommendations: There is an urgent need for a planned program with different strategies to prevent and control these diseases .

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The Trend of Mandatory Vaccination among Children in Egypt

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1–18 years

Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1–18 years

General Oncology Care in Egypt

Seroprevalence of Measles , Rubella , Mumps and Varicella Specific Antibodies in Primary School Children

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