The True Worms (Annelida)

Mellanby, Helen

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5849-4_7

Animal Life in Fresh Water 1963

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-5849-4_7

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The True Worms (Annelida)

Helen Mellanby

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1969

1995

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The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

Maltby

Forrow

Boxall

et al. 1995

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

150

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The effects of motorway runoff on the water quality, sediment quality, and biota of small streams were investigated over a 12‐month period. Downstream of motorway runoff discharges there was an increase in the sediment concentrations of total hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals and an increase in the water concentrations of heavy metals and selected anions. Hydrocarbon contamination of sediments was positively correlated with potential contaminant loading (i.e., length of road drained/stream size). The greatest effect was observed at Pigeon Bridge Brook, a small stream receiving drainage from a 1,500‐m stretch of the Ml motorway. The dominant PAHs in contaminated sediment at this site were phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene, whereas the dominant metals were zinc, cadmium, chromium, and lead. Differences between the station upstream and downstream of discharges in the diversity and composition of the macroinvertebrate assemblages were detected in four out of the seven streams surveyed. However, there was no evidence of an effect on either the diversity or abundance of epilithic algae. The diversity of the aquatic hyphomycete assemblage was only affected at the most impacted site. Reductions in macroinvertebrate diversity were associated with reductions in the processing of leaf litter and a change from an assemblage based on benthic algae and coarse particulate organic matter to one dependent upon fine particulate organic matter.

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The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

Maltby

Forrow

Boxall

et al. 1995

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

150

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The taxonomy, habitat and distribution of the freshwater triclad Planaria torva (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) in Britain

1969

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Planaria torva was described originally by O. F. Müller in 1774 under the generic name Fasciola. The synonyms arising since have been critically evaluated and the many varied morphological descriptions of this species are reviewed. The identity of this species in Britain has been confirmed by detailed examination of external and internal anatomy and it is shown that Planaria torfrida, described from Britain by Perkins (1928), is a synonym of Planaria torva. Dugesia lugubris (Schmidt, 1862) is the species most likely to be confused with Planaria torva and convenient methods of separating these species are described. The validity of all available British records has been examined and new localities described. Planaria torva occurs in England, Scotland and Ireland but has a markedly discontinuous distribution. There are real concentrations of habitats in the Edinburgh and Glasgow areas where the species also forms a larger proportion of the triclad population than usual. The species is markedly eurytopic and occurs in a wide range of lotic and lentic habitats, although most of them are calcium rich by British standards. It is not yet possible to offer a sound explanation for these facts because the ecology of Planaria torva is insufficiently known.

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The True Worms (Annelida)

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 1. Field study

The taxonomy, habitat and distribution of the freshwater triclad Planaria torva (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) in Britain

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