The Use of Sawdust Waste on Physical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Fired Clay Brick Production

Phonphuak, Nonthaphong; Teerakun, Mullika; Srisuwan, Anuwat; Ruenruangrit, Panuwat; Saraphirom, Piyawadee

doi:10.21660/2020.69.5706

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Few values compared with the reported literature also prove their reliability. Moreover, the observed flame temperature confirms that the kiln could be kept above 800 °C for the verification of bricks (Phonphuak et al 2013). The average CGE is found as 68-79% which is on par with the values reported in the literature (Furusjö and Jafri 2018).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Techno-economic feasibility study on the application of downdraft gasifier in small-scale red clay bricks industries

Chockalingam¹,

Palanisamy²,

Raveendran³

et al. 2021

Appl Nanosci

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Direct firing of biomass in conventional clay brick manufacturing process aggravates deforestation, climatic change, poor economic benefits to rural industries, and health issues to the public. To overcome such drawbacks, adaptation of ecofriendly energy sources, implementation of advanced technologies in energy conversion systems and systematic studies on economic benefits are mainly focused in recent times. The utilization of biomasses through various gasification technologies can improve the energy efficiency and economic advantages of brick production. To successfully introduce renewable energy systems and new technologies in rural areas, a number of research studies have experimented and also succeeded in predicting the technical feasibility and cost benefits. Likewise, this paper reports the techno-economic analysis of producer gas (PG) fired brick kilns using pertinent parameters of evaluation involved in the manufacturing of bricks. In this study, the common biomasses available in the region were effectively used to produce PG. Besides finding the technical aspects of bricks produced through this method, the parameters needed for economic study were found from a prototype experimental study. The economic parameters to use agriculture and forestry biomasses such as Coconut Shell (CS), Rice Husk (RH), Rubber Wood (RW) and Rubber seed kernel shell (RSKS) in conventional industries for a capacity of twenty to one hundred thousand bricks per batch were predicted. The studies revealed that the quality of bricks produced from the proposed method could meet ASTM standards. The savings in the running cost of the proposed system led to 4-8 years payback period. The maximum internal rate of return was found from the system which had RSKS as feedstock.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Techno-economic feasibility study on the application of downdraft gasifier in small-scale red clay bricks industries

Chockalingam¹,

Palanisamy²,

Raveendran³

et al. 2021

Appl Nanosci

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show abstract

“… For the water absorption test, before the test, the specimen is completely dried and then immersed in tap water for 24 h. After 24 h, the bricks are removed, and the weight of these bricks is individually measured. The main factor that affects the durability properties of the bricks is water absorption [ 46 ]. For the efflorescence test, the specimen is partially immersed in water to determine the existence of soluble salts in brick and then rests in the water at a depth of 25 mm for 24 h. After 24 h, the brick is removed from the water and then observed [ 41 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Construction Material Using Wastewater: An Application of Circular Economy for Mass Production of Bricks

Ghafoor¹,

Hameed²,

Shah³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Water is one of the necessary ingredients for construction materials. Billions of gallons of clean water are wasted during the development of fired clay bricks. Similarly, the waste of clean water is a global issue. In this study, we develop fired clay bricks with the help of wastewater for the first time and compare these with clay bricks produced using groundwater, which is the conventional method. Both destructive (i.e., compressive strength (CS)) and non-destructive (i.e., ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV)) tests are conducted on all fired clay brick specimens as per the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Physical (i.e., dimensions) and durability (water absorption, efflorescence, etc.) tests are also conducted. All kinds of brick satisfied the standard requirements of physical and durability characteristics. Similar or better strength of bricks were achieved using wastewater. The study concludes that the testing results of wastewater bricks were significantly 15–25% higher compared with groundwater-fired clay bricks. A large amount of wastewater can be used to develop bricks, and clean water can be saved to attain circular economy goals. Therefore, this study will help not only in developing low-cost bricks but also in saving clean water.

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“…Results show that adding sawdust to the clay bricks reduced the compressive strength and the bulk density of the bricks. The thermal conductivity of clay bricks with sawdust additives also decreased compared to clay brick without additive [21]. Many researchers have studied the importance of improving the properties of clay bricks by adding waste or some materials to it or adding it to other building materials to improve materials properties.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Cost Reduction of a Social Housing Building by Using Polyurethane Lightweight Bricks

shaqour¹

2021

GEOMATE

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This study examines the ability to reduce the cost of constructing low-income housing buildings by modifying wall material properties. A new clay brick mixed with polyurethane foam was prepared. Different types of tests were conducted -compression strength, water absorption, thermal conductivity. Three types of studies were conducted literature review, experimental study to prepare samples of the different, and comparative study, to compare the construction costs using ordinary clay bricks and light bricks using the ETAB program. The test results showed that adding foam to the bricks in different proportions weakened the compressive strength of the bricks. The optimum percentage of polyurethane additive to the regular brick mixture is 30% by volume. The use of polyurethane foam bricks on building the social housing project showed a 4.15 % reduction of the total cost. It can be said that reducing the cost of the building will be higher than the calculated percentage in reducing the initial cost based on thermal conductivity tests, which will reduce the cost of the building's life cycle by reducing the cost of energy used in conditioning the building.

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The Use of Sawdust Waste on Physical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Fired Clay Brick Production

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Techno-economic feasibility study on the application of downdraft gasifier in small-scale red clay bricks industries

Techno-economic feasibility study on the application of downdraft gasifier in small-scale red clay bricks industries

Development of Construction Material Using Wastewater: An Application of Circular Economy for Mass Production of Bricks

Life Cycle Cost Reduction of a Social Housing Building by Using Polyurethane Lightweight Bricks

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