The Use of the Gaps-In-Noise Test as an Index of the Enhanced Left Temporal Cortical Thinning Associated with the Transition between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

Iliadou, Vasiliki Vivian; Bamiou, Doris‐Eva; Sidiras, Christos; Moschopoulos, Nikolaos; Tsolaki, Magda; Nimatoudis, Ioannis; Chermak, Gail D.

doi:10.3766/jaaa.16075

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Rather, there appear to be specific impairments of auditory perception which precede full-blown Alzheimer's disease (Gates et al, 2002; Swords et al, 2018). One such deficit shown by adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a deficit in detecting gaps in background noise (Iliadou et al, 2017). Gap detection is a measure of temporal acuity that is correlated with speech perception deficits in older adults (Glasberg et al, 1987; Fitzgibbons and Gordon-Salant, 1996; Snell and Frisina, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because speech segmentation and phoneme identification depend on gaps and other temporal cues in speech sounds, gap detection serves as a model for speech processing. Because patients show a gap detection deficit early, in the MCI phase, this measure has been proposed as a biomarker that could achieve earlier diagnosis of dementia (Iliadou et al, 2017). Although not all MCI patients go on to develop Alzheimer's, longitudinal studies have shown that deficits in central auditory processing (such as dichotic listening) can predict the subsequent development of Alzheimer's disease with a relative risk ratio of up to 23 (Gates et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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5XFAD Mice Show Early Onset Gap Detection Deficits

Kaylegian

Stebritz

Weible

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Alzheimer's patients show auditory temporal processing deficits very early in disease progression, before the onset of major cognitive impairments. In addition to potentially contributing to speech perception and communication deficits in patients, this also represents a potential early biomarker for Alzheimer's. For this reason, tests of temporal processing such as gap detection have been proposed as an early diagnosis tool. For a biomarker such as gap detection deficits to have maximum clinical value, it is important to understand what underlying neuropathology it reflects. For example, temporal processing deficits could arise from alterations at cortical, midbrain, or brainstem levels. Mouse models of Alzheimer's disease can provide the ability to reveal in detail the molecular and circuit pathology underlying disease symptoms. Here we tested whether 5XFAD mice, a leading Alzheimer's mouse model, exhibit impaired temporal processing. We found that 5XFAD mice showed robust gap detection deficits. Gap detection deficits were first detectable at about 2 months of age and became progressively worse, especially for males and for longer gap durations. We conclude that 5XFAD mice are well-suited to serve as a model for understanding the circuit mechanisms that contribute to Alzheimer's-related gap detection deficits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5XFAD Mice Show Early Onset Gap Detection Deficits

Kaylegian

Stebritz

Weible

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Iliadou et al also reported the results of evaluating auditory perception in a group of older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Auditory perception was evaluated by assessing temporal resolution in the Gaps-In-Noise test, and suggested that central auditory processing evaluation in the elderly population should be a promising indicator to achieve earlier diagnosis of dementia [27]. Swords et al reviewed the literature concerning auditory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and concluded that a dichotic listening task showed high diagnostic and prognostic significance in persons with Alzheimer's disease; therefore, audiological approaches are a low-cost way to identify an early window of Alzheimer's disease pathology [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto (ReaCT Kyoto) for Early Detection of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Hearing Loss

Okano

Yamamoto

Kuzuya

et al. 2020

JAD

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Background: Early detection of cognitive decline allows timely intervention to delay progression of dementia. However, current cognitive evaluation tools often include items delivered via verbal forms of instruction, which can cause poor performance in patients with hearing loss. Objective: To develop and validate a cognitive screening battery, the Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto (ReaCT Kyoto), comprising test items given through non-verbal instruction. Methods: A cross-sectional and multi-center study was conducted in the three medical institutes. ReaCT Kyoto was designed to evaluate domains of "registration," "repetition," "delayed recall," "visuospatial recognition," "orientation in time and place," and "executive function." The Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination Test (MMSE-J) and ReaCT Kyoto were applied by experienced psychotherapists. Concurrent validity was evaluated between the ReaCT Kyoto Test and MMSE-J and between the ReaCT Kyoto Test and physician-diagnosed dementia. Results: ReaCT Kyoto was validated in a sample of 115 participants. The mean age of subjects was 81.0 ± 6.4 years, and the sample comprised 53.0% females. The area under the receiver operating curves was 0.95 for detecting physician-diagnosed dementia. When classifying patients in accordance with presence or absence of hearing loss, the AUCs were 0.93 and 0.97 for those with and without hearing loss, respectively. With a cutoff score of < 29 points for suspected dementia, ReaCT Kyoto correctly classified 90.4% of the subjects as belonging to the group with or without physician-diagnosed dementia. Conclusion: ReaCT Kyoto provides an appropriate solution for detection of cognitive impairment in persons with or without hearing loss.

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“…Similarly, performance deficits on cognitive measures such as STM would not be an adequate explanation for the source of disparate disorders, such as language impairments, dyslexia, dyscalculia, ADHD, learning problems, or cognitive difficulties seen in autism. Moreover, correlation between APD and cognition does not impute a specific causal direction ( 33 ). It is essential that in the papers where APD is diagnosed and not just suspected, IQ cannot explain auditory processing deficits ( 15 , 34 ).…”

Section: Misconception 4: Apd Reflects Cognitive Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Misconceptions Regarding Pediatric Auditory Processing Disorder

Iliadou

Kiese-Himmel

2018

Front. Neurol.

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Pediatric hearing evaluation based on pure tone audiometry does not always reflect how a child hears in everyday life. This practice is inappropriate when evaluating the difficulties children experiencing auditory processing disorder (APD) in school or on the playground. Despite the marked increase in research on pediatric APD, there remains limited access to proper evaluation worldwide. This perspective article presents five common misconceptions of APD that contribute to inappropriate or limited management in children experiencing these deficits. The misconceptions discussed are (1) the disorder cannot be diagnosed due to the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test; (2) making generalizations based on profiles of children suspected of APD and not diagnosed with the disorder; (3) it is best to discard an APD diagnosis when another disorder is present; (4) arguing that the known link between auditory perception and higher cognition function precludes the validity of APD as a clinical entity; and (5) APD is not a clinical entity. These five misconceptions are described and rebutted using published data as well as critical thinking on current available knowledge on APD.

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The Use of the Gaps-In-Noise Test as an Index of the Enhanced Left Temporal Cortical Thinning Associated with the Transition between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 35 publications

References 57 publications

5XFAD Mice Show Early Onset Gap Detection Deficits

5XFAD Mice Show Early Onset Gap Detection Deficits

Development of the Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto (ReaCT Kyoto) for Early Detection of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Hearing Loss

Common Misconceptions Regarding Pediatric Auditory Processing Disorder

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