1994
DOI: 10.1128/jb.176.24.7532-7542.1994
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The vfr gene product, required for Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A and protease production, belongs to the cyclic AMP receptor protein family

Abstract: The synthesis of exotoxin A (ETA) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a complex, regulated event. Several ETA putative regulatory mutants of P. aeruginosa PA103 have previously been characterized (S. E. H. West, S. A. Kaye, A. N. Hamood, and B. H. Iglewski, Infect. Immun. 62:897-903, 1994). In addition to ETA production, these mutants, PA103-15, PA103-16, and PA103-19, were also deficient in the production of protease and in regA P1 promoter activity. RegA is a positive regulator of ETA transcription. We cloned a gen… Show more

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Cited by 170 publications
(214 citation statements)
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“…Crp is activated by binding cAMP and then binds to a specific sequence in the promoter of Crp-controlled genes. In P. aeruginosa, Vfr has been implicated in the regulation of twitching motility, QS, pyocyanin production, repression of flagellar biosynthesis and the expression of numerous proteins secreted by the type II pathway, including exotoxin A (Albus et al, 1997;Beatson et al, 2002;Dasgupta et al, 2002;West et al, 1994). As mentioned previously, toxA expression was decreased approximately 2?8-fold in the rsmA mutant compared to PAO1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 52%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Crp is activated by binding cAMP and then binds to a specific sequence in the promoter of Crp-controlled genes. In P. aeruginosa, Vfr has been implicated in the regulation of twitching motility, QS, pyocyanin production, repression of flagellar biosynthesis and the expression of numerous proteins secreted by the type II pathway, including exotoxin A (Albus et al, 1997;Beatson et al, 2002;Dasgupta et al, 2002;West et al, 1994). As mentioned previously, toxA expression was decreased approximately 2?8-fold in the rsmA mutant compared to PAO1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…Both PvdS and Vfr have been shown previously to positively regulate toxA expression West et al, 1994). Although PvdS levels were increased in the rsmA mutant, toxA showed a 2?8-fold decrease in expression in the rsmA mutant.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…Subtle structural differences exist between the cAMPbinding pocket of Vfr and E. coli CRP, including the presence of three additional amino acids in the Vfr cAMPbinding pocket (West, 1994;Beatson, 2002). Vfr contains a threonine residue (T133) at a position relative to serine 128 (S128) of E. coli CRP, and threonine substitution of CRP S128 results in activation of CRP by both cAMP and cGMP (Lee, 1994).…”
Section: Allosteric Regulation Of Vfr: Camp-dependent/independent Mecmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Vfr is a member of the CRP family of transcriptional regulators, and shares a high degree of homology to E. coli CRP (67% sequence identity) (West, 1994;Gosset, 2004). Vfr coordinately controls the expression of over 200 genes (Suh, 2002;Wolfgang, 2003b) and positively regulates the production of virulence factors important for acute P. aeruginosa infections, including: Tfp (West, 1994;Beatson, 2002;Wolfgang, 2003b), the T3SS (Wolfgang, 2003b), the T2SS, secreted toxins, degradative enzymes (West, 1994;Beatson, 2002;Wolfgang, 2003b;Ferrel, 2008), and the las and rhl QS systems, which control hundreds of additional genes, including many virulence factors (Albus, 1997;Croda-GarcĂ­a, 2011). In contrast, Vfr negatively regulates the expression of flagellar genes by repressing expression of fleQ, which encodes the master regulator of flagellar biogenesis (Dasgupta, 2002).…”
Section: Camp/vfr Regulated Virulence Associated Genesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…RsaL, the product of a gene found between lasI and lasR in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 genome, is a negative regulator of the Las QS circuit (de Kievit et al, 1999). The product of the vrf gene is a cAMP receptor homologue that is required for the transcription of lasR (Albus et al, 1997;West et al, 1994). RsmA has been shown to downregulate several QS-dependent phenotypes in P. aeruginosa, such as protease, elastase and staphylolytic activities along with the production of a cytotoxic lectin, hydrogen cyanide and pyocyanin.…”
Section: Qs As a Global Regulator Of Gene Expressionmentioning
confidence: 99%