The wear resistance and worn metallography of pearlite, bainite and tempered martensite rail steel microstructures of high hardness

Kalousek, J; Fegredo, D.M.; Laufer, E. E.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(85)90068-7

Cited by 118 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Though this law gives a very rough and general approximation of wear behavior, it has been successful in describing a first estimate of wear behavior for various materials ( Ref 15). There are numerous studies on steels, which indicate that an increase in hardness results in an increase in the wear resistance (Ref [16][17][18][19]. However, contradictory opinions also exist in the published literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Some authors (Ref 20,21) have reported a drop in wear resistance with increase in hardness in steels. These studies (Ref [16][17][18][19][20][21], particularly on the two-body abrasive wear behavior, are mostly confined to steels and Al alloys. A systematic study relating abrasive wear behavior of Ti64 alloy to hardness (and heat treatment) is not available in the domain of published literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure Evolution and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Hadke

Khatirkar

Shekhawat

et al. 2015

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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This paper investigates the effect of quenching and aging treatment on microstructure and abrasive wear of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The as-received alloy was solution treated at 1339 K, then oil quenched, followed by aging at 823 K for 4 h (14,400 s). The microstructures of as-received and quench-aged specimens were characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction techniques. The as-received specimen consisted of very fine a grains (average grain size 2 lm) with b phase uniformly dispersed throughout. The microstructure of the quenchaged specimen showed a plates (formed by the decomposition of a¢ during aging). The b phase precipitated out of a¢ martensite during aging and hence was dispersed uniformly in the a matrix. Ti-6Al-4V alloy was quench-aged to achieve maximum hardness with a view that the increased hardness would lead to an improvement in abrasive wear behavior. Two-body abrasive wear tests were carried out on the as-received and quench-aged specimens using pin-on-disk apparatus with SiC as abrasive media (150-grit size). The effect of sliding distance and normal load on the abrasive wear behavior was studied. The wear resistance of the as-received specimen was greater than that of quench-aged specimen, while hardness of the as-received specimen was lower than that of quench-aged specimen. The abrasive wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been explained based on morphology/microstructure of the alloy and the associated wear mechanism(s).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Evolution and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Hadke

Khatirkar

Shekhawat

et al. 2015

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…In many instances, the results have indicated that this microstructure does not in general outperform pearlite with similar hardness and loading conditions [3,[10][11][12][13], the exception being a 0.04 wt%C bainitic steel that had a lower wear rate (rolling-sliding) than less-ductile pearlite of similar strength [2]. The greater wear resistance of pearlite is attributed to the ability of the microstructure to deform during rolling and sliding [12], the work-hardening of the ferritic component [13,14] and the significant presence of hard cementite at the wear surface. In contrast, the interpretation of the response of bainite to similar loading tends to be complicated by the smaller fraction of cementite normally associated with bainitic microstructures, and the presence of residual phases such as martensite and retained austenite [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

Bakshi

Leiro

Prakash

et al. 2014

Wear

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The abrasive wear of carbide-free bainitic steel under dry rolling/sliding conditions has been studied. It is demonstrated that this nanostructure, generated by isothermal transformation at 200• C, has a resistance to wear that supersedes that of other carbide-free bainitic steels transformed at higher temperatures. The experimental results, in combination with a theoretical analysis of rolling/sliding indicates that under the conditions studied, the role of sliding is minimal, so that the maximum shear stresses during contact are generated below the contact surface. Thus, the hardness following testing is found to reach a maximum below the contact surface. The fine scale and associated strength of the structure combats wear during the running-in period, but the volume fraction, stability and morphology of retained austenite plays a significant role during wear, by work-hardening the surface through phase transformation into very hard martensite.

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“…Todo ello, además de disminuir la soldabilidad de estos aceros, hace variar, notablemente, el comportamiento frente al desgaste, de esas dos zonas. Por otra parte, existen trabajos previos en los que se estudia el comportamiento al desgaste de estos aceros en las vías ferroviarias en los que se pone de manifiesto la influencia del las inclusiones de MnS en la velocidad al desgaste de estos materiales [10][11][12][13] . Sin embargo, en estos casos, el material no formaba una unión soldada y no se ha evaluado el comportamiento de estos materiales en uniones soldadas.…”

Section: I In Nt Tr Ro Od Du Uc Cc Ci Ió óN Nunclassified

A study on the welded joins for pipelines

Montero¹,

Garcı́a²,

Varela³

et al. 2008

Rev. metal.

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En las uniones soldadas metálicas hay tres zonas perfectamente diferenciadas: metal base, zona de afectación térmica (ZAT) y cordón. Estas zonas se caracterizan por su diferente microestructura que influye en su dureza y, por lo tanto, en su comportamiento al desgaste [1][2][3][4] .Dentro de los materiales férreos, los aceros aleados al Cr-Mo ocupan un lugar importante entre los aceros especiales soldables por sus aplicaciones en las industrias aeronáutica, naval y ferroviaria. La presencia de cromo y molibdeno en estos aceros aumenta considerablemente la capacidad de temple durante el enfriamiento [5] de la soldadura, por lo que las posibilidades de obtener estructuras martensíticas en la ZAT es mayor y, por lo tanto, pueden establecerse diferencias de durezas entre las zonas que se han austenizado y las que no [6][7][8][9] . Todo ello, además de disminuir la soldabilidad de estos aceros, hace variar, notablemente, el comportamiento frente al desgaste, de esas dos zonas. Por otra parte, existen trabajos previos en los que se estudia el comportamiento al desgaste de estos aceros en las vías ferroviarias en los que se pone de manifiesto la influencia del las inclusiones de MnS en la velocidad al desgaste de estos materiales [10][11][12][13] . Sin embargo, en estos casos, el material no formaba una unión soldada y no se ha evaluado el comportamiento de estos materiales en uniones soldadas. En el presente trabajo se estudia el desgaste abrasivo de un acero aleado al Cr-Mo, soldado utilizando el ensayo pin-on disk, según la norma ASTM G-99 [14] "Standard test method for wear testing with a pin-on-disk apparatus". En este trabajo se ha estudiado el desgaste que experimentan las uniones soldadas de tuberías, con el objetivo de minimizar los problemas derivados de las mismas. Se ha efectuado un análisis del comportamiento tribológico de las tres zonas fundamentales de la soldadura: metal base, zona afectada por el calor y cordón , evaluándose la diferencia en las propiedades mecánicas entre ellas. Además, se han propuesto distintas alternativas en el proceso de soldadura con la finalidad de mejorar el comportamiento global de la unión. P Pa al la ab br ra as s c cl la av ve eDesgaste. Soldadura. Dureza.A A s st tu ud dy y o on n t th he e w we el ld de ed d j jo oi in ns s f fo or r p pi ip pe el li in ne es s A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct tThis study deals with the wear experienced in the welded joins for pipelines. Its aim is to minimise the problems caused by this wear. An analysis is carried out on the tribological behaviour of three crucial areas within the welding: the basic metal, the heat-affected zone and the weld bead zone itself. The differences in mechanical properties between these areas are evaluated. Moreover, various alternatives in the welding process are proposed in an effort to improve the global behaviour of the join.

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The wear resistance and worn metallography of pearlite, bainite and tempered martensite rail steel microstructures of high hardness

Cited by 118 publications

References 7 publications

Microstructure Evolution and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Microstructure Evolution and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

A study on the welded joins for pipelines

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