Theoretical Investigations of Laser Thermal Retinal Injury

Birngruber, Reginald; Hillenkamp, Franz; Vp, Gabel

doi:10.1097/00004032-198506000-00006

Cited by 195 publications

(156 citation statements)

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“…Optical coherence tomography and histology both detected dome-shaped layer changes above the irradiated RPE, as expected by the heat diffusion theory (Birngruber et al 1985). In healing lesions, thickening and irregularity of the RPE ⁄ BM complex and thinning of the ONL are common to all images.…”

Section: Global Similarities Of Imaging Methodssupporting

confidence: 66%

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Gerckens

Buellesfeld

McNamara

et al. 2003

Herz

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To examine spectral domain optical coherence tomographic (OCT) and histological images from comparable retinal photocoagulation lesions in rabbits, and to correlate these images with comparable OCT images from patients. Methods: 508 rabbit lesions were examined by HE-stained paraffin histology. 1019 rabbit lesions versus 236 patient lesions were examined by OCT, all at the time-points 1 hr, 1 week and 4 weeks after photocoagulation. We analysed 100 lm lesions (in humans) and 133 lm lesions (in rabbits) of 200 ms exposures at powers titrated from the histological threshold up to intense damage. Lesions were matched according to morphological criteria. Results: Dome-shaped layer alterations, retinal infiltration by round, pigmented cells, outer nuclear layer interruption, and eventually full thickness retinal coagulation are detectable in histology and OCT. Horizontal damage extensions are found 1½ times larger in OCT. More intense irradiation was necessary to induce comparable layer affection in rabbit OCT as in histology. Restoration of the inner retinal layers is only shown in the OCT images. Comparable primary lesions caused more pronounced OCT changes in patients than in rabbits during healing. Conclusions: Optical coherence tomographic images indicate different tissue changes than histologic images. After photocoagulation, they show wider horizontal damage diameters, but underestimate axial damage particularly during healing. Conclusions on retinal restoration should not be drawn from OCT findings alone. Retinal recovery after comparable initial lesions appears to be more complete in rabbit than in patient OCTs.

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Section: Global Similarities Of Imaging Methodssupporting

confidence: 66%

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Gerckens

Buellesfeld

McNamara

et al. 2003

Herz

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“…On a cellular and molecular level, increases in temperature cause the denaturing of proteins, loss of molecular tertiary structure, and fluidization of membranes. [50][51][52] Absorption of photothermal energy is thought to occur by one of three pigments: melanin located primarily in the melanosomes of the RPE and melanocytes of the choroid, xanthophyll located primarily in Muller cells and neurosensory retina, and haemoglobin in the blood vessels of the neurosensory retina and choroid. Melanin, the most effective absorber is located primarily in the RPE.…”

Section: Photothermal Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal light toxicity

Youssef

Sheibani

Albert

2010

Eye

274

204

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The ability of light to enact damage on the neurosensory retina and underlying structures has been well understood for hundreds of years. While the eye has adapted several mechanisms to protect itself from such damage, certain exposures to light can still result in temporal or permanent damage. Both clinical observations and laboratory studies have enabled us to understand the various ways by which the eye can protect itself from such damage. Light or electromagnetic radiation can result in damage through photothermal, photomechanical, and photochemical mechanisms. The following review seeks to describe these various processes of injury and many of the variables, which can mitigate these modes of injury.

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“…However, according to a numerical simulation of temperature (which is not described in this paper), the temperature increases by more than 30 degrees and the Arrhenius damage integral [17] exceeds 1 for all laser conditions. The numerical simulation was conducted in the same way as in the previous report (with the porcine explant model in Ref.…”

Section: Formation Of a Laser Lesionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Detection of local tissue alteration during retinal laser photocoagulation of ex vivo porcine eyes using phase-resolved optical coherence tomography

Makita

Yasuno

2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Retinal laser photocoagulation is used to treat several ophthalmic diseases. However, it is associated with damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Local tissue alteration during coagulation laser illumination was measured using phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (OCT) M-mode scan as a change in the local optical path length (LOPL). A metric that represents global net tissue alteration was defined using the LOPL change. The visibility of a laser lesion was assessed by three-dimensional OCT volume measurement. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the introduced metric and the laser lesion visibility. The metric was found to be a statistically significant predictor of the laser lesion visibility independent to laser condition. The proposed method based on an LOPL change is thus promising for retinal photocoagulation monitoring.

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Theoretical Investigations of Laser Thermal Retinal Injury

Cited by 195 publications

References 0 publications

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Retinal light toxicity

Detection of local tissue alteration during retinal laser photocoagulation of ex vivo porcine eyes using phase-resolved optical coherence tomography

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