Theory of mind and language comprehension in schizophrenia: Poor mindreading affects figurative language comprehension beyond intelligence deficits

Gavilán, José M.; Garcı́a-Albea, José E.

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2010.07.006

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…IQ levels were also not controlled. However, it is not certain that IQ levels are associated with the ability to process metaphors, because results are inconclusive in this regard (6,17,72,73). The effect of the patients' antipsychotic medications (equivalent chlorpromazine) on metaphor processing skills or psychopathological symptoms was not examined in either group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Mossaheb et al (16) showed that processing metaphors may be related to processing speed, cognitive flexibility, and a range of intelligence quotient (IQ) subtests. However, other studies show that low IQ does not explain the deficits in comprehension of metaphors and irony exhibited by SZ patients (6,17). It has been shown that even when IQ, years of education, and capacity for theory of mind and associative learning are factored in as covariates, SZ patients still give significantly more incorrect answers on metaphor tasks (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Metaphor Processing Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Substance Use Disorders

et al. 2020

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Background: Patients with schizophrenia have difficulties comprehending metaphors, which significantly impedes communication. However, this topic has not been thoroughly studied in people with a dual diagnosis. On this basis, we formulated two research aims: a) to compare the ability to comprehend metaphors in schizophrenia patients without (SZ) and with substance use disorder (SZ-SUD) and b) to determine the relationship between the processing of metaphorical content and the severity of psychopathological symptoms in both clinical groups. Methods: A total of 40 individuals with SZ and 40 individuals with SZ-SUD took part in the study. The control group was composed of 40 individuals without a psychiatric or neurological diagnosis. Four subtests from the Right Hemisphere Language Battery (Picture Metaphor Test, Written Metaphor Test, Picture Metaphor Explanation Test, Written Metaphor Explanation Test) were used to measure the ability to understand and explain metaphors. Results: Both groups of individuals with schizophrenia (SZ and SZ-SUD) scored lower than individuals from the control group on all tests of metaphor processing. However, no differences were observed between the two clinical groups. SZ-SUD patients had better results for Picture Metaphor Explanation than for Written Metaphor Explanation. Negative symptoms were found to be significant predictors of difficulties with understanding and explaining metaphors. Conclusion: Individuals with schizophrenia, regardless of their substance use disorder (SUD) status, exhibit impaired metaphorical content processing. SUD in schizophrenia is not associated with significant impairments in understanding and explaining metaphorical content. Moreover, impairments in processing metaphorical content are associated with more severe negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Metaphor Processing Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Substance Use Disorders

et al. 2020

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“…Significant weakening of mentalisation mechanisms has been proven in schizophrenia, significantly higher during exacerbations of the disease, than during remission [83]. Recent research confirms that in the case of schizophrenia there is a significant ToM deficit [84]. In addition, the higher level of oxytocin measured in the blood plasma of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia was associated with better efficiency of functions creating the ability ofsocial cognition skills; patients with higher endogenous oxytocin levels also showed more pro-social behaviorthe regularity was found in both the studied group of women and men [58].…”

Section: The Role Of Oxytocin In the Formation Of Disorders Of Socialmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Udowodniono znaczneosłabienie mechanizmów mentalizacji w schizofrenii, istotnie większew okresie nasilenia objawów choroby, niż w czasieremisji [83]. Najnowsze badaniapotwierdzają, iż w przypadku schizofrenii mamydo czynienia z istotnym deficytem ToM [84]. Ponadto wyższy poziom oksytocyny mierzonej w osoczu krwi pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii wiązał się z lepszą sprawnością funkcji budujących zdolność poznania społecznego, pacjenci z wyższym poziomem endogennej oksytocyny wykazywali również częściej zachowania prospołeczne -prawidłowość występowała zarówno w badanej grupie chorych kobiet jak i mężczyzn [58].…”

Section: Rola Oksytocyny W Powstawaniu Zaburzeń Funkcjonowania Społecunclassified

The role of oxytocin in the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia

Jusiak

Brudkowska

et al. 2017

Current Problems of Psychiatry

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Introduction: Until recently, oxytocin was mainly associated with the pathophysiology of childbirth and sexual functions, but lately this hormone has become the object of interest to psychiatry and psychology due to the significant influence of oxytocin on human behavior in the field of social and emotional functioning. Current scientific research focuses on the participation of oxytocin in the pathogenesis and therapy of mental disorders.Aim: The aim of the paper is to present, on the basis of available literature, the significance of oxytocin for various psychological functions, with particular emphasis on the influence of oxytocin on the course and clinical picture of schizophrenia.Method: Available articles from the Medline / PubMed database were analyzed, which were searched using keywords: oxytocin, schizophrenia, therapeutic use of oxytocin, social cognition, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and time descriptors: 2013-2017. There are included articles published in Polish and English.Results:The research results carried out so far suggest that oxytocin plays a significant role in modulating complex socio-emotional behaviors in schizophrenic patients. The existing research results also indicate a relationship between the dysregulation of the oxytocinergic system and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Many of the studies prove that there is a relationship between the level of oxytocin in the patients' blood plasma and the severity of the disease symptoms. Recent genetic studies indicate a possible relationship between polymorphism of oxytocin genesand polymorphism of oxytocin receptor genes and the risk of developing schizophrenia.Conclusions: Contemporary research on the therapeutic potential of oxytocin and its influence on the functioning of schizophrenia patients seem to be very promising and may contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment of schizophrenia and possibly other mental disorders, which in turn will improve the quality of life of patients in cognitive, social and emotional functioning.

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“…Recently, a number of studies have focused on the pragmatic competence of schizophrenic patients in several dimensions of non-literal language processing, such as metaphor (Langdon et al 2002a;Langdon et al 2002b;Brüne & Bodenstein 2005;Mo et al 2008;Gavilán & García-Albea 2011;Champagne-Lavau & Stip 2010;Varga et al 2014), irony (Langdon et al 2002a;Langdon et al 2002b;Herold et al 2002;Mo et al 2008;Gavilán & García-Albea 2011;Colle et al 2013;Varga et al 2013;Varga et al 2014), conversational implicatures (Corcoran & Frith 1996;Abu-Akel 1999;Tényi et al 2002;Mazza et al 2008;Colle et al 2013;Varga et al 2014) and humour (Corcoran et al 1997;Polimeni & Reiss 2006;Tsoi et al 2008;Marjoram et al 2005;Polimeni et al 2010;Ivanova et al 2014). The conversational implicatures are deliberate violations of the Gricean maxims (Grice 1968;Grice 1975), which are widely used in normal, everyday verbal interactions in order to point at a hidden, implicitly coded opinion by the speaker (for examples see the Appendix section).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%