Therapeutic approaches targeting cancer stem cells

Pan, Yunzhi; Ma, Sai; Cao, Kai-Yue; Zhou, Sufang; Zhao, Aiqin; Li, Ming; Qian, Feng; Zhu, Chengliang

doi:10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_976_17

Cited by 76 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…CSCs are multipotent cells exhibiting stem-like properties and possessing the capability of the initiation of tumor growth, invasiveness, and dissemination to distant organs [6,11]. CSCs are like normal stem cells in several ways; however, if the balance of the influence of internal or external factors is not maintained, it may lead to hyperproliferation and metastasis [12]. Moreover, CSCs are resistant to chemical and electromagnetic insults due to their infrequent replication, active drug efflux system, increase in defense against reactive oxygen species and importantly higher ability of DNA repairs which may result in a lower rate of apoptosis [13].…”

Section: Cscs (Cancer Stem Cells)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

et al. 2019

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There is an increasing awareness of the importance of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables for human health. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized as a subpopulation of cancer cells with aberrant regulation of self-renewal, proliferation or apoptosis leading to cancer progression, invasiveness, metastasis formation, and therapy resistance. Anticancer effects of phytochemicals are also directed to target CSCs. Here we provide a comprehensive review of dietary phytochemicals targeting CSCs. Moreover, we evaluate and summarize studies dealing with effects of dietary phytochemicals on CSCs of various malignancies in preclinical and clinical research. Dietary phytochemicals have a significant impact on CSCs which may be applied in cancer prevention and treatment. However, anticancer effects of plant derived compounds have not yet been fully investigated in clinical research.

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Section: Cscs (Cancer Stem Cells)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

et al. 2019

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“…Several signaling pathways are crucial in facilitating the growth of CSCs and the maintenance of the CSC phenotype. Such signaling pathways include Hedgehog, Notch, JAK-STAT and Wnt-β- catenin signaling [ 241 , 242 ]. It is important to note that these same pathways are also important in regulating self-renewal in normal stem cells [ 243 , 244 ].…”

Section: Properties Of Cancer Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Review

Dzobo

Senthebane

Ganz

et al. 2020

Cells

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Despite great strides being achieved in improving cancer patients’ outcomes through better therapies and combinatorial treatment, several hurdles still remain due to therapy resistance, cancer recurrence and metastasis. Drug resistance culminating in relapse continues to be associated with fatal disease. The cancer stem cell theory posits that tumors are driven by specialized cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells known to be resistant to therapy and cause metastasis. Whilst the debate on whether CSCs are the origins of the primary tumor rages on, CSCs have been further characterized in many cancers with data illustrating that CSCs display great abilities to self-renew, resist therapies due to enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) properties, enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters, activation of several survival signaling pathways and increased immune evasion as well as DNA repair mechanisms. CSCs also display great heterogeneity with the consequential lack of specific CSC markers presenting a great challenge to their targeting. In this updated review we revisit CSCs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and present novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. These promising strategies include targeting CSCs-specific properties using small molecule inhibitors, immunotherapy, microRNA mediated inhibitors, epigenetic methods as well as targeting CSC niche-microenvironmental factors and differentiation. Lastly, we present recent clinical trials undertaken to try to turn the tide against cancer by targeting CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis.

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“…As CSCs in malignant tumors provide a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, four main CSC-targeted therapies directed at stem cell fate regulation are currently under development and investigation (Ahmad and Amiji, 2017;Pan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Implications For Cancer Therapies the Treatment Strategies Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Inducing the differentiation of CSCs. Compared with normal cells, the differentiation of CSCs is either abnormal or blocked (Pan et al, 2018). Therefore, inducing the differentiation and maturation of CSCs provides a useful and potential method to block their ability to self-renewal and effectively inhibit tumor growth (Han et al, 2015).…”

Section: Implications For Cancer Therapies the Treatment Strategies Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1994, through specific cell surface markers, Lapidot et al isolated a type of cell with self-renewal and maintenance of malignancy properties from leukemia cells, named as acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells (LSCs); this was the first confirmation of the existence of CSCs (Lapidot et al, 1994). Currently, with infinite proliferation abilities, the important role of CSCs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, such as tumor survival, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence, was confirmed (Reya et al, 2001;Chang, 2016;Pan et al, 2018). Identification and elimination of CSCs in malignant tumors have become a new strategy for treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of N6-Methyladenosine in the Differentiation of Cancer Stem Cells and Their Fate

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common internal RNA modifications in eukaryotes. It is a dynamic and reversible process that requires an orchestrated participation of methyltransferase, demethylase, and methylated binding protein. m6A modification can affect RNA degradation, translation, and microRNA processing. m6A plays an important role in the regulation of various processes in living organisms. In addition to being involved in normal physiological processes such as sperm development, immunity, fat differentiation, cell development, and differentiation, it is also involved in tumor progression and stem cell differentiation. Curiously enough, cancer stem cells, a rare group of cells present in malignant tumors, retain the characteristics of stem cells and play an important role in the survival, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence of cancers. Recently, studies demonstrated that m6A participates in the self-renewal and pluripotent regulation of these stem cells. However, considering that multiple targets of m6A are involved in different physiological processes, the exact role of m6A in cancer progression remains controversial. This article focuses on the mechanism of m6A and its effects on the differentiation of cancer stem cells, to provide a basis for elucidating the tumorigenesis mechanisms and exploring new potential therapeutic approaches.

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Therapeutic approaches targeting cancer stem cells

Cited by 76 publications

References 1 publication

Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

Advances in Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Review

Regulation of N6-Methyladenosine in the Differentiation of Cancer Stem Cells and Their Fate

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