Thermal, Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Multiferroic GdMnO₃Nano Particles by a Co-Precipitation Method

Abstract

In the present work, GdMnO 3 multiferroic materials have been synthesized by a conventional chemical co-precipitation method to study their thermal, structural, magnetic and electrical properties of multiferroic GdMnO 3 nano particles. These materials have been sintered at different temperatures of 700 • C, 800 • C, 900 • C, 1000 • C and 1100 • C respectively in order to evaluate their optimum sintering temperature based on XRD profiles. These materials are found to be in orthorhombic crystal structure (JCPDS Card No: 250337) and their lattice parameters are a = 5.310Å, b = 5.840Å and c = 7.430 Å. The morphology of the GdMnO 3 nano particles has been examined from the measurement of HRSEM images with the changes in sintering temperatures. Elemental analysis of host matrix has been confirmed from the EDAX profile. Functional groups of GdMnO 3 have also been analyzed from their FTIR spectral. Thermal analysis of the as synthesized chemicals combination has been carried out from the measurement of its TG-DTA features and these results have been correlated with XRD profiles. For these materials, dielectric properties ((ε and ε ) ac conductivity (σ ac ) and dc conductivity) in the range of 100 Hz -1 MHz at the room temperature have also been investigated. The zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) magnetizations could reveal that complex magnetic transitions would occur in a temperature range from 20 to 200 K (keeping the field constant at H = 500 Oe) confirming these trends in the forms magnetic hysteresis loops in evaluating their potential uses in different multiferroic applications.

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