Thermally induced variations in the nanostructure and reactivity of soot particles emitted from a diesel engine

Exhaust and non-exhaust airborne particles from diesel and electric buses in Xi'an: A comparative analysis

“…Compared to conventional vehicles, the equivalent electric vehicles would produce more non-exhaust PM emissions due to the heavier battery pack compared to an equivalent conventional engine (Hooftman et al, 2016;Hong et al, 2020). In addition, previous studies have proven that non-exhaust emissions are a major source of PM emissions as a better understanding of the generation mechanism and physicochemical properties of PM improves the development of combustion control and after-treatment technologies, and thus vehicle exhaust PM is reduced significantly (Mor et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2016Liu et al, , 2021bZhang et al, 2021). For example, Rexeis & Hausberger (2009) revealed that non-exhaust emissions account for 90% of total PM emissions from traffic.…”