Thermally superactive artificial kagome spin ice structures obtained with the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Hofhuis, Kevin; Hrabec, Aleš; Arava, Hanu; Leo, Naëmi; Huang, Yen-Lin; Chopdekar, Rajesh V.; Parchenko, Sergii; Kleibert, Armin; Koraltan, Sabri; Abert, Claas; Vogler, Christoph; Suess, Dieter; Derlet, P. M.; Heyderman, Laura J.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.180405

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The latter is particularly important for solving issues related to the ordering and thermal excitations of coupled mesospins. 13,[32][33][34] This knowledge may even find its application in logic and computation, 35 such as design of neuromorphic-like architectures based on ASIs and their magnonic properties. 36 See the supplementary material for the details concerning the comparison of magnon mode frequencies to analytic expressions.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of confinement on thermal fluctuations in nanomagnets

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Hjörvarsson

Kapaklis

2021

Applied Physics Letters

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We study the magnetization dynamics in nanomagnets excited by stochastic magnetic fields to mimic temperature in a micromagnetic framework. The effect of confinement arising from the finite size of the structures is investigated, and we visualize the spatial extension of the internal magnon modes. Furthermore, we determine the temperature dependence of the magnon modes and focus specifically on the low frequency edge modes, which are found to display fluctuations associated with switching between C-and S-states, thus posing an energy barrier. We classify this fluctuating behavior in three different regimes and calculate the associated energy barriers using the Arrhenius law.

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confidence: 99%

The effect of confinement on thermal fluctuations in nanomagnets

Slöetjes

Hjörvarsson

Kapaklis

2021

Applied Physics Letters

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“…For the frustrated system with an Ising model, from geometry or lattice, even in the ground state, there can be multiple degenerated. In the ground state, there are pair interaction energies E i j that are unfavorable (i.e., similar to other frustrated systems like the kagome system [65]). This means that there are more possible states with a ground-state energy, and, more important, that there is a special lowest energy value,…”

Section: Model and Computational Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…9(b)]. It is obvious that the experimental system attempts to access a long-range ordered ground state, but as shown in previous studies on various artificial frustrated spin systems, fabrication-related intrinsic disorder, and the blocking temperature of the nanomagnets can significantly slow down and hinder relaxation towards a long-range ordered ground state [64,65,68]. The free energy minimum must correspond to stable thermodynamic equilibrium and the realization of the most probable state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-energy states, ground states, and variable frustrations of the finite-size dipolar Cairo lattices

et al. 2021

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To investigate the influence of geometric frustration on the properties of low-energy configurations of systems of ferromagnetic nanoislands located on the edges of the Cairo lattice, the model of interacting Ising-like magnetic dipoles is used. By the method of complete enumeration, the densities of states of the Cairo pentagonal lattices of a finite number of Ising-like point dipoles are calculated. The calculated ground and low-energy states for systems with a small number of dipoles can be used to solve the problem of searching for the ground states in a system with a relatively large number of dipoles. It is shown that the ground-state energy of the Cairo pentagonal lattices exhibits nonmonotonic behavior on one of the lattice parameters. The lattice parameters can be used to control the degree of geometric frustration. For the studied lattices of a finite number of Ising dipoles on the Cairo lattice in the ground-state configurations, a number of closed pentagons is observed, which are different from the obtained maximum closed pentagons. The magnetic order in the ground-state configurations obeys the ice rule and the quasi-ice rules.

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“…It exhibits various competing interactions, which can be directly controlled by the lattice parameter b. Tuning of the strengths of the interactions allows it to transition from a long-range ordered ground state dominated by clockwiseand anticlockwise vortices, through a highly disordered state, when competing interactions are equalized, to a phase manifested by an increasing ice-rule obedience and a preference for ferromagnetic-type moment alignments. The variety of ordering preferences as interactions J 1 and J 2 are varied and equalized pose interesting questions, regarding its ground state and potential phase transitions at lower or higher temperatures, which can be either addressed via simulations [41,53,54] or experimentally, if structures with lowered block-ing temperatures can be generated [55]. Newly emerging coherent x-ray scattering techniques [56] appear to be the best method for shedding light on these open questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical frustration and competing orders in the dipolar trimerized triangular lattice

et al. 2021

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We introduce and explore low-energy configurations in two-dimensional arrays consisting of Ising-type dipolar coupled nanomagnets lithographically defined onto three-nanomagnet vertices arranged in a triangular coordination. Thus, the system is dubbed the trimerized triangular lattice. Employing synchrotron-based photoemission electron microscopy, we perform temperature-dependent magnetic imaging of moment configurations. These states are then characterized in terms of spin correlations and magnetic structure factors. The results reveal a competition between ferromagnetic and vortex dominated orders, which can be controlled by varying the relevant lattice parameter and the corresponding competing interactions.

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Thermally superactive artificial kagome spin ice structures obtained with the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

The effect of confinement on thermal fluctuations in nanomagnets

The effect of confinement on thermal fluctuations in nanomagnets

Low-energy states, ground states, and variable frustrations of the finite-size dipolar Cairo lattices

Geometrical frustration and competing orders in the dipolar trimerized triangular lattice

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