Thermodynamic analysis of the dominant phase equilibria in M(Si, Cr, Al)-O-C systems

Reduction of Biofilm Infection Risks and Promotion of Osteointegration for Optimized Surfaces of Titanium Implants

“…The advanced meta‐analytical methods applied to experimental data have an improved ability to determine the relative influence of different parameters on a given phenomenon, to find existing relationships among the considered variables, and to resolve the unavoidable noise present within a vast set of numerical data. The challenge of applying meta‐analysis to the testing of biomaterials is to overcome limitations due to a considerable amount of time needed to perform an optimization analysis,14–16 when the number of free parameters is noticeably high, when these parameters are linked with each other, and when output functions (e.g., bacterial colony features) are unknown or not quantified.…”

Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Manganese Ores: 1. Manganese Ore Characterisation

“…When a separate MnO phase disappears in the course of reduction, thermodynamic activity of MnO decreases approaching the equilibrium value. 6,7) This practically stops the reduction reaction although the MnO concentration in the slag is high, close to the saturation value. The slag is processed further in production of silicomanganese.…”

“…Actually, reduction includes processes of MnO dissolution into the molten slag and reduction of MnO from the molten slag. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Solubility of MnO in the molten slag is near 40 mass% (depending on temperature and slag composition). When a separate MnO phase disappears in the course of reduction, thermodynamic activity of MnO decreases approaching the equilibrium value.…”

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Functionally Graded Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Steel Combinations

“…[1,2] They are characterized by desired gradients such as chemical composition and microstructure to adjust specific local properties such as strength, hardness, corrosion behavior, wear resistance, high-temperature stability, and weight reduction. [3,4] FGM are divided in two different types of gradients (continuously or stepwise graded). [5] The continuous process allows the production of steadily changing microstructures, compositions, and properties, while the stepwise procedure can be used to create multilayered components with different microstructures and properties separated by a defined interface.…”

“…[6] The adjustment of local gradients and associated properties allows FGM to be used in application areas where homogeneous materials are inferior. [4,7] The design opportunities of FGM lead to a comprehensive number of possible manufacturing methods and application potentials. [1] Feasible application areas include energy harvesting, [8] electronics, [9] defense and aerospace, [10] automotive, [11] biomedical engineering, [12] orthopedic implants, [13] and nuclear applications.…”