Thermodynamics and molecular insights into anionic structural effects on toluene absorption with ionic liquids

Li, Zhiyong; Dai, Chengna; Zhu, Jing; Lei, Zhigang; Zhang, Jie; Yu, Gangqiang

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2023.118817

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The intermolecular interaction and microstructure are analyzed by density functional theory (DFT) method using the Gaussian 09 (version E.01) 49,50 . The geometry of each compound is optimized at the B3LYP/6‐31 + G (d, p) theoretical level, 51 along with DFT‐D3(BJ) dispersion corrections 52 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing aromatics extraction by double salt ionic liquids: Rational screening‐validation and mechanistic insights

Xie,

Chen,

Cheng

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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Despite offering remarkable advantages as solvents, double salt ionic liquids (DSILs) have been scarcely studied for extractive dearomatization from hydrocarbons as well as many other applications, thus urging a theoretical guidance method. In this work, a systematic framework combining the rational screening validation and mechanistic analysis is proposed for tailoring DSILs for the o‐xylene/n‐octane separation. From an initial pool of commercially available ionic liquids (ILs), key thermodynamic properties of paired DSILs are predicted by COSMO‐RS while their important physical properties are estimated from those of corresponding parent ILs (retrieved from experimental database or predicted by a deep learning model). Promising DSILs are tested by liquid–liquid equilibrium experiments, wherein the effect of ion ratio is also evaluated. The mechanism underlying the tunability of DSIL thermodynamic properties is disclosed by quantum chemistry calculation and molecular dynamics simulation. This work can be a valuable reference for guiding the design of DSILs for diverse applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing aromatics extraction by double salt ionic liquids: Rational screening‐validation and mechanistic insights

Xie,

Chen,

Cheng

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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“…Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms responsible for differences in the separation performance due to different interactions is important for the design of new and efficient ILs. Various interactions are recognized to occur between ILs and aromatics, such as π–π, C–H···π, and vdW, while only vdW interactions exists between ILs and aliphatics. − Yu et al investigated the interactions between a series of imidazolium-based ILs (i.e., [C 4 MIM] + , [C 8 MIM] + , [C 10 MIM] + , and [C 12 MIM] + ) with various anions (i.e., [BF 4 ] − , [PF 6 ] − , and [Tf 2 N] − ) and toluene based on DFT calculations. The findings demonstrated that the cation with the longest alkyl chain had the strongest interaction with toluene, following the order: [C 12 MIM] + –toluene > [C 10 MIM] + –toluene > [C 8 MIM] + –toluene > [C 4 MIM] − –toluene.…”

Section: Aromatics Extraction With Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Extraction with Ionic Liquids

Yu,

Dai,

Liu

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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Separation and reaction processes are key components employed in the modern chemical industry, and the former accounts for the majority of the energy consumption therein. In particular, hydrocarbon separation and purification processes, such as aromatics extraction, desulfurization, and denitrification, are challenging in petroleum refinement, an industrial cornerstone that provides raw materials for products used in human activities. The major technical shortcomings in solvent extraction are volatile solvent loss, product entrainment leading to secondary pollution, low separation efficiency, and high regeneration energy consumption due to the use of traditional organic solvents with high boiling points as extraction agents. Ionic liquids (ILs), a class of designable functional solvents or materials, have been widely used in chemical separation processes to replace conventional organic solvents after nearly 30 years of rapid development. Herein, we provide a systematic and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art progress in ILs in the field of extractive hydrocarbon separation (i.e., aromatics extraction, desulfurization, and denitrification) including (i) molecular thermodynamic models of IL systems that enable rapid large-scale screening of IL candidates and phase equilibrium prediction of extraction processes; (ii) structure–property relationships between anionic and cationic structures of ILs and their separation performance (i.e., selectivity and distribution coefficients); (iii) IL-related extractive separation mechanisms (e.g., the magnitude, strength, and sites of intermolecular interactions depending on the separation system and IL structure); and (iv) process simulation and design of IL-related extraction at the industrial scale based on validated thermodynamic models. In short, this Review provides an easy-to-read exhaustive reference on IL-related extractive separation of hydrocarbon mixtures from the multiscale perspective of molecules, thermodynamics, and processes. It also extends to progress in IL analogs, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in this research area, and discusses the current challenges faced by ILs in related separation fields as well as future directions and opportunities.

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“…35 Ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively applied in the field of chemical separation and reactions as alternatives to traditional organic extractants because of their favorable attributes of thermal stability, nonvolatility, and tunable structures. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] ILs have been used as extractants for the separation of metal ions. For instance, Li et al used the IL [HOEMIM][Tf 2 N] combined with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and Cyanex 923 to separate lithium and magnesium, and also investigated the separation mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep eutectic solvent‐assisted selective extraction of valuable metals from waste lithium‐ion batteries

Chen,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

AIChE Journal

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A novel synergistic extractant consisting of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TBP) is proposed for selective extraction of valuable metals from waste lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The extraction efficiencies of Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+ were 99.8%, 99.1%, and 95.9%, respectively, and high‐purity Li+ was enriched in the raffinate after the single‐stage extraction. Valuable metal salts, lithium carbonate (92.3 wt%) and cobalt oxalate (94.9 wt%), were obtained. The DES + TBP extractant retained its high extraction performance even after multiple regeneration cycles. The extraction process followed the so‐called “cation exchange mechanism” with thermodynamic properties of ΔH < 0, ΔG < 0, and ΔS < 0. The molecular‐level extraction mechanism demonstrated that the extraction process was dominated by both electrostatic and coordination interactions between the metal ions and DES/TBP, based on quantum chemical calculations. This study aims to provide a new strategy for recycling valuable metals from waste LIBs.

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Thermodynamics and molecular insights into anionic structural effects on toluene absorption with ionic liquids

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Enhancing aromatics extraction by double salt ionic liquids: Rational screening‐validation and mechanistic insights

Enhancing aromatics extraction by double salt ionic liquids: Rational screening‐validation and mechanistic insights

Hydrocarbon Extraction with Ionic Liquids

Deep eutectic solvent‐assisted selective extraction of valuable metals from waste lithium‐ion batteries

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