Thermoreception and Temperature Regulation in Man

Hensel, Herbert; Schäfer, Klaus

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7697-2_8

Cited by 198 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Along with other sensory receptors, the thermoreceptors which are being stimulated are located in the dermis of the skin. Notably, cold and warm receptors have been found at different depths within the dermis and this may impact the latency of the thermoreceptors and affect the perceptual thermal sensation experienced (Zotterman, 1953;Guyton, 1991;Hensel & Andres 1984;Hensel 1981). Epidermal thickness is almost constant over the body, except the palms of the hands and sole of the feet where the stratum corneum can vary but these sites were not investigated in this experiment.…”

Section: Reviewer #2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, thermal sensitivity using threshold detection technique does not support this theory but this may be associated with the different methodologies used. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the afferent fibres from the face are thought to ascend and terminate at different locations within the central nervous system than the free nerve endings from other locations [4538,4639]. In addition, animal studies have shown afferent convergent across the body but minimal convergence at the face [470,481].…”

Section: Effect Of Ageing and Regional Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in age-related changes on peripheral warm and cold innocuous thermal sensitivity

Inoue

Gerrett

Ichinose-Kuwahara

et al. 2016

Physiology & Behavior

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Section: Reviewer #2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ageing and Regional Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in age-related changes on peripheral warm and cold innocuous thermal sensitivity

Inoue

Gerrett

Ichinose-Kuwahara

et al. 2016

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Low external temperatures can evoke a variety of perceptual sensations that include pleasant cool feelings, unpleasant cold sensations, and overt pain (Hensel, 1981;Morin and Bushnell, 1998;Davis and Pope, 2002). There is a general consensus that cold sensations evoked by non-noxious temperatures and painful sensations evoked by strong cold involve activation of separate subsets of low-and high-threshold cold-sensitive fibers (reviewed by Green, 2004;Reid, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Threshold of Trigeminal Cold-Thermosensitive Neurons Is Determined by a Balance between TRPM8 and Kv1 Potassium Channels

Madrid¹,

Peña²,

et al. 2009

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Molecular determinants of threshold differences among cold thermoreceptors are unknown. Here we show that such differences correlate with the relative expression of I KD , a current dependent on Shaker-like Kv1 channels that acts as an excitability brake, and I TRPM8 , a cold-activated excitatory current. Neurons responding to small temperature changes have high functional expression of TRPM8 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8) and low expression of I KD . In contrast, neurons activated by lower temperatures have a lower expression of TRPM8 and a prominent I KD . Otherwise, both subpopulations have nearly identical membrane and firing properties, suggesting that they belong to the same neuronal pool. Blockade of I KD shifts the threshold of cold-sensitive neurons to higher temperatures and augments cold-evoked nocifensive responses in mice. Similar behavioral effects of I KD blockade were observed in TRPA1 Ϫ/Ϫ mice. Moreover, only a small percentage of trigeminal cold-sensitive neurons were activated by TRPA1 agonists, suggesting that TRPA1 does not play a major role in the detection of low temperatures by uninjured somatic cold-specific thermosensory neurons under physiological conditions. Collectively, these findings suggest that innocuous cooling sensations and cold discomfort are signaled by specific low-and high-threshold cold thermoreceptor neurons, differing primarily in their relative expression of two ion channels having antagonistic effects on neuronal excitability. Thus, although TRPM8 appears to function as a critical cold sensor in the majority of peripheral sensory neurons, the expression of Kv1 channels in the same terminals seem to play an important role in the peripheral gating of cold-evoked discomfort and pain.

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“…Mammals monitor environmental temperature using specialized cutaneous warm-and cold-sensitive neurons, the firing rates of which change as a function of absolute skin temperature or acute temperature changes (Hensel, 1981). Insight into the possible mechanistic basis of these thermotransduction events has come from the identification of heat-gated ion channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Thermal Selection Behavior in Mice Lacking Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4

Lee¹,

Iida²,

Mizuno³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

250

187

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Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a cation channel responsive to hypotonicity, can also be activated by warm temperatures. Moreover, TRPV4Ϫ/Ϫ mice reportedly exhibit deficits in inflammation-induced thermal hyperalgesia. However, it is unknown whether TRPV4 or related transient receptor potential channels account for warmth perception under injury-free conditions. We therefore investigated the contribution of TRPV4 to thermosensation and thermoregulation in vivo. On a thermal gradient, TRPV4Ϫ/Ϫ mice selected warmer floor temperatures than wild-type littermates. In addition, whereas wild-type mice failed to discriminate between floor temperatures of 30 and 34°C, TRPV4Ϫ/Ϫ mice exhibited a strong preference for 34°C. TRPV4 Ϫ/Ϫ mice also exhibited prolonged withdrawal latencies during acute tail heating. TRPV4Ϫ/Ϫ and wild-type mice exhibited similar changes in behavior on a thermal gradient after paw inflammation. Circadian body temperature fluctuations and thermoregulation in a warm environment were also indistinguishable between genotypes. These results demonstrate that TRPV4 is required for normal thermal responsiveness in vivo.

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Thermoreception and Temperature Regulation in Man

Cited by 198 publications

References 6 publications

Sex differences in age-related changes on peripheral warm and cold innocuous thermal sensitivity

Sex differences in age-related changes on peripheral warm and cold innocuous thermal sensitivity

Variable Threshold of Trigeminal Cold-Thermosensitive Neurons Is Determined by a Balance between TRPM8 and Kv1 Potassium Channels

Altered Thermal Selection Behavior in Mice Lacking Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4

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