Thick-film chemical sensors

Chu, W. F.; Leonhard, Victoria; Erdmann, Helmut; Ilgenstein, M.

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(91)80130-c

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…An example is the (tip-type) CO 2 sensor described in 1988 [7] with the phosphosilicate NASICON or with Na-β-alumina as solid electrolyte and with electrodes both open under the same gas ( Fig. 1 b): (6) The electrode reactions (7) (8) lead to the cell reaction (9) According to Eq (5) the resulting signals are not dependent on the oxygen concentration. From the gas phase the signals are only determined by the CO 2 concentration, but additionally a dependence on the activity of Na 2 O in the solid electrolyte phase is given.…”

Section: ← →mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These substances or only the metallic contact on the solid electrolyte NASICON was covered with a glass to stabilize the Na 2 O activity and protect the electrode against influences of components of the gas phase ( Fig. 1 c, d) [9][10][11]. But after blocking of oxygen in the reference reaction (8) the sensor signal depends on the oxygen partial pressure in the measuring gas.…”

Section: ← →mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid state systems for the potentiometric determination of CO 2

Möbius

Shuk

Zastrow

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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In a survey of solid state systems for the potentiometric determination of CO(2) their different fundamentals, possibilities and problems are demonstrated. Experimental results are given, obtained from sensors in which Na(2)CO(3) reacts electrochemically with an oxide forming the sodium salt thermodynamically stable in contact with it. Sensors with Na(2)YZr(PO(4)) as solid electrolyte and MoO(3) or SiO(2) did not yield long-term stable signals, probably mainly because of chemical reactions between the oxides and the solid electrolyte. Satisfactory results were obtained with galvanic cells represented by the symbol. Their standard cell tensions U* (= -emf*) determined with different test gases are in relatively good agreement with values thermodynamically calculated.

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Section: ← →mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: ← →mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid state systems for the potentiometric determination of CO 2

Möbius

Shuk

Zastrow

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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“…Screen-printed yttrium-doped zirconia films have been shown to exhibit rather poor oxygen sensing properties compared to ceramics, in both designs of potentiometric and amperometric sensors. 6 This has been attributed to the porosity of the YSZ screen-printed layer, which likely induces diffusion of gaseous oxygen in the electrolyte as well as a lower ionic conductivity. Obviously, application of a mechanical pressure onto an oven-dried zirconia screen-printed layer was suggested by us as a potential solution to solve these problems.…”

Section: Solid Electrolyte Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the densification parameters on screen-printed component properties

Debeda-Hickel

Lucat

Ménil

2005

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…For example, Na 2 CO 3 can be used with Na b alumina [135][136][137], NASICON [138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146], or a sodium aluminosilicate glass [147] as the electrolyte for a CO 2 sensor, in which case the Na 2 CO 3 equilibrates with CO 2 in the gas and Na þ in the electrolyte according to the following reaction:…”

Section: Auxiliary Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

Fergus

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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Solid electrolytes are well suited for use in chemical sensors for high-temperature applications. The first such sensors followed from the use of solid electrolytes for thermodynamic measurements, and are based on galvanic cells, for which the open circuit voltage is related to the concentration of the mobile ionic species, or to another target species through equilibration at the electrode surface. However, sensors can also be based on nonequilibrium, but steady-state, potentials established between electrochemical reactions at the electrode. Another approach is to use the current passing through the electrolyte, rather than the voltage across the electrolyte, as the sensor signal. In this chapter we first describe the different methods for using solid electrolytes in chemical sensors, and then discuss some of the materials challenges and example applications. IntroductionMore than 50 years ago, Kiukkola and Wagner [1] demonstrated that solid electrolytes couldbeusedingalvaniccellstomeasurethethermodynamicpropertiesofoxides.Those pioneering studies subsequently led to the more practical application of solid electrolytes in chemical sensors. The ionic conduction in solid electrolytes is thermally activated and thus its rate increases with increasing temperature; consequently, solid electrolytes are well suited for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, such temperature dependencealsomeansthatsensorsbasedonsolidelectrolytescanrespondsluggishlyor may be inoperable at low temperatures. However, one of the advantages of solid-state devices, such as those based on solid electrolytes, is that they can be miniaturized [2,3]. Decreasingthedevicedimensionsreducesdiffusionlengths,whichinturndecreasesthe response time and thus also the minimum operating temperature.Ionic conducting solids can be used in a variety of different types of sensor [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Solids forwhichthe ionicconductivity is much largerthanthe electronic conductivity can Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

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Thick-film chemical sensors

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Solid state systems for the potentiometric determination of CO 2

Solid state systems for the potentiometric determination of CO 2

Influence of the densification parameters on screen-printed component properties

Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

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