Three-Body Recombination of Ultracold Atoms to a Weakly Bound<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">s</mml:mi></mml:math>Level

Федичев, П. О.; Reynolds, M.W.; Shlyapnikov, G. V.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.2921

Cited by 265 publications

(270 citation statements)

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“…In particular for scattering processes there are no works which we are aware of apart from a recent study concerning recombination rates [16]. There are various reasons for this the main one being the fact that the three-body calculations * On leave of absence from the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralow energy scattering of a He atom off a He dimer

1997

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We present a new, mathematically rigorous, method suitable for bound state and scattering processes calculations for various three atomic or molecular systems where the underlying forces are of a hard-core nature. We employed this method to calculate the binding energies and the ultra-low energy scattering phase shifts below as well as above the break-up threshold for the three He-atom system. The method is proved to be highly successful and suitable for solving the three-body bound state and scattering problem in configuration space and thus it paves the way to study various three-atomic systems, and to calculate important quantities such as the cross-sections, recombination rates etc.LANL E-print physics/9802016. Published in Phys. Rev. A., 1997, v. 56, No. 3, pp. 1686 The 4 He trimer is of interest in various areas of Physical Chemistry and Molecular Physics, in particular such as the behavior of atomic clusters under collisions and BoseEinstein condensation. Various theoretical and experimental works have been devoted in the past to study its ground state properties and in general the properties of the 4 He and other noble gas droplets. From the theoretical works we mention here those using Variational and Monte Carlo type methods [1][2][3][4][5], the Faddeev equations [6][7][8], and the hyperspherical approach [9][10][11]. From the experimental works we recall those of Refs. [12][13][14][15] where molecular clusters consisting of a small number of noble gas atoms were investigated.Despite the efforts made to solve the He-trimer problem various questions such as the existence of Efimov states and the study of scattering processes at ultra-low energies still have not been satisfactorily addressed. In particular for scattering processes there are no works which we are aware of apart from a recent study concerning recombination rates [16]. There are various reasons for this the main one being the fact that the three-body calculations * On leave of absence from the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralow energy scattering of a He atom off a He dimer

1997

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“…For atomic Fermi gases [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], accessing this regime by adiabatically changing a led to the achievement of superfluids of paired fermions and enabled investigation of the crossover from superfluidity of weakly bound pairs, analogous to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductors, to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of tightly bound molecules [16,17]. For bosonic atoms, however, this route to strong interactions is stymied by the fact that three-body inelastic collisions increase as a to the fourth power [21][22][23]. This circumstance has limited experimental investigation of Bose gases with increasing interaction strength to studying either non-quantum-degenerate gases [24,25] or BECs with modest interaction strengths (na 3 < 0.008, where n is the atom number density) [9][10][11][12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Universal dynamics of a degenerate unitary Bose gas

et al. 2014

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From neutron stars to high-temperature superconductors, strongly interacting many-body systems at or near quantum degeneracy are a rich source of intriguing phenomena. The microscopic structure of the first-discovered quantum fluid, superfluid liquid helium, is difficult to access due to limited experimental probes. While an ultracold atomic Bose gas with tunable interactions (characterized by its scattering length, a) had been proposed as an alternative strongly interacting Bose system [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] , experimental progress [9][10][11][12] has been limited by its short lifetime. Here we present time-resolved measurements of the momentum distribution of a Bose-condensed gas that is suddenly jumped to unitarity, i.e. to a = ∞. Contrary to expectation, we observe that the gas lives long enough to permit the momentum to evolve to a quasi-steady-state distribution, consistent with universality, while remaining degenerate. Investigations of the time evolution of this unitary Bose gas may lead to a deeper understanding of quantum many-body physics.A powerful feature of atom gas experiments that provides access to these new regimes is the ability to change the interaction strength using a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance [13]. In particular, at the resonance location, a is infinite. For atomic Fermi gases [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], accessing this regime by adiabatically changing a led to the achievement of superfluids of paired fermions and enabled investigation of the crossover from superfluidity of weakly bound pairs, analogous to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductors, to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of tightly bound molecules [16,17]. For bosonic atoms, however, this route to strong interactions is stymied by the fact that three-body inelastic collisions increase as a to the fourth power [21][22][23]. This circumstance has limited experimental investigation of Bose gases with increasing interaction strength to studying either non-quantum-degenerate gases [24,25] or BECs with modest interaction strengths (na 3 < 0.008, where n is the atom number density) [9][10][11][12].The problem is that the loss rate scales as n 2 a 4 while the equilibration rate scales as na 2 v, where v is the average velocity. Thus, it would seem that the losses will always dominate as a is increased to ∞. Even if we were to forsake thermal equilibrium and suddenly change a in order to project a weakly interacting BEC onto strong interactions [12,[26][27][28], one might expect that three-body losses would still dominate the ensuing dynamics for large a. In this work, however, we use this approach to take a BEC to the unitary gas regime, and we observe dynamics that in fact saturate on a timescale shorter than that set by three-body losses and that exhibit universal scaling with density.

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“…In the weak interaction limit, the three-body loss rate ∝ n 2 a 4 [28] increases with a (> 0) far faster than the equilibration rate ∝ na 2 v, where n is the atom number density and v is the average velocity. In the strong interaction limit, systems are highly nonlinear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium states of a quenched Bose gas

Kain

Ling

2014

Phys. Rev. A

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Yin and Radzihovsky [1] recently developed a self-consistent extension of a Bogoliubov theory, in which the condensate number density nc is treated as a mean field that changes with time, in order to analyze a JILA experiment by Makotyn et al.[2] on a 85 Rb Bose gas following a deep quench to a large scattering length. We apply this theory to construct a closed set of equations that highlight the role ofṅc, which is to induce an effective interaction between quasiparticles. We show analytically that such a system supports a steady state characterized by a constant condensate density and a steady but periodically changing momentum distribution, whose time average is described exactly by the generalized Gibbs ensemble. We discuss how theṅc-induced effective interaction, which cannot be ignored on the grounds of the adiabatic approximation for modes near the gapless Goldstone mode, can significantly affect condensate populations and Tan's contact for a Bose gas that has undergone a deep quench.

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Three-Body Recombination of Ultracold Atoms to a Weakly BoundsLevel

Cited by 265 publications

References 12 publications

Ultralow energy scattering of a He atom off a He dimer

Ultralow energy scattering of a He atom off a He dimer

Universal dynamics of a degenerate unitary Bose gas

Nonequilibrium states of a quenched Bose gas

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