Three-component topological superfluid in one-dimensional Fermi gases with spin-orbit coupling

Chen, Jie; Hu, Hui; Xianlong, Gao

doi:10.1103/physreva.90.023619

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…In this paper, we extend this exotic spin-selectiveinteraction-induced FF mechanism to a three-component Fermi gas where all three hyperfine states are coupled by SOC [21,22]. From the single-particle dispersion, we show that in the three SOC-induced helicity branches, two exhibit asymmetric hyperfine-spin distributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Three-component Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. A

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We investigate the pairing physics of a three-component spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas in two spatial dimensions. The three atomic hyperfine states of the system are coupled by the recently realized synthetic spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which mixes different hyperfine states into helicity branches in a momentum-dependent manner. As a consequence, the interplay of spin-orbit coupling and the hyperfine-state dependent interactions leads to the emergence of Fulde-Ferrell (FF) pairing states with finite center-of-mass momenta even in the absence of the Fermi-surface asymmetry that is usually mandatory to stabilize an SOC-induced FF state. We show that, for different combinations of spin-dependent interactions, the ground state of the system can either be the conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing state with zero center-of-mass momentum or be the FF pairing states. Of particular interest here is the existence of a three-component FF pairing state in which every two out of the three components form FF pairing. We map out the phase diagram of the system and characterize the properties of the three-component FF state, such as the order parameters, the gapless contours and the momentum distributions. Based on these results, we discuss possible experimental detection schemes for the interesting pairing states in the system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Three-component Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. A

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Some recent progresses on the study of ultracold quantum gases with spin-orbit coupling

Shi¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Acta Phys. Sin.

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Artificial synthetic gauge field and spin-orbit coupling has been extensively studied following their experimental realization in ultracold atomic systems. Thanks for the versatile controllability, such systems not only provide possibilities to simulate and study important models in multidisciplinary fields of physics, but also work as an excellent platform to engineer novel states of matter and quantum phenomena. This paper reviews some recent progresses on the study of ultracold atomic systems with spin-orbit coupling, focusing on the effects induced by dissipation, novel interaction forms, large symmetry of spins, and long-range interactions. The investigation in these aspects is closely related to the characteristics of ultracold atomic systems, hence can bring new inspirations and perspectives on the understanding of spin-orbit coupling. In this review, we firstly investigate the appearance of a topological superradiant state in a quasi-one-dimensional Fermi gas with cavity-assisted Raman process. A cavity-assisted spin-orbit coupling and a bulk gap opening at half filling will be induced by the superradiant light generated in the transversely driven cavity mode. The topological superradiant state and the corresponding topological phase transition in the system can be driven by this mechanism. Then, symmetry-protected topological states of interacting fermions will be introduced in a quasi-one-dimensional cold gas of alkaline-earth-like atoms. Raman-assisted spin-orbit couplings in the clock states, together with the spin-exchange interactions in the clock-state manifolds will give rise to symmetry-protected topological states for interacting fermions, by taking advantage of the separation of orbital and nuclear-spin degrees of freedom in these alkaline-earth-like atoms. Furthermore, we show that an exotic topological defect, double-quantum spin vortices, which are characterized by doubly quantized circulating spin currents and unmagnetized filled cores, can exist in the ground states of SU(3) spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates. It is found that the combined effects of SU(3) spin-orbit coupling and spin-exchange interaction determine the ground-state phase diagram. Finally, we demonstrate that spin-orbit coupling and soft-core long-range interaction can induce an exotic supersolid phase of Bose gas, with the emergence of spontaneous circulating particle current. This implies that a finite angular momentum can be generated with neither external rotation nor synthetic magnetic field, and the direction of the angular momentum can be altered by adjusting the strength of spin-orbit coupling or interatomic interaction.

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Ground energy level transition for two-body interacting Fermionic system with spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman interaction

Chen¹,

Measurement²,

Xue³

et al. 2021

Acta Phys. Sin.

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Experimental realization of artificial gauge field has made it possible to simulate important models with electromagnetic field or spin-orbit interaction in condensed matter physics, which opens a new avenue to engineer novel quantum states and phenomena. The spin-orbit coupled system reveals many significant phenomena in condensed matter physics, such as quantum spin Hall effect, topological insulator and topological superconductor. The combined effect of Zeeman interaction and spin-orbit coupling leads to a nontrivial topological phase. The analytic solution of few-body system provides an in-depth insight into the physical phenomena, which has been studied extensively. Through the analytic study of two-body physics, we show new quantum phenomena for various gauge field parameters. We investigate the two-body interacting fermionic gas with spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman interaction in a ring trap. Through the plane wave expansion method, two-body fermionic system is solved analytically. In the absence of Zeeman interaction, the total momentum of the ground state is zero. With the increase of Zeeman interaction, an energy level crossing occurs between the lowest energy levels for different total momentum spaces and the ground state changes from zero total momentum space to non-zero total momentum space. Considering the Zeeman interaction, the total momentum of the ground state changes from zero to finite value. The single particle analysis shows that the ground energy level transition is induced by Zeeman energy level splitting. The momentum distributions of the ground state are given to provide an intuitive physical picture. This work can be further extended to the exploration of the heteroatom system, lattice system and higher spin system.

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Three-component topological superfluid in one-dimensional Fermi gases with spin-orbit coupling

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Three-component Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling

Three-component Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling

Some recent progresses on the study of ultracold quantum gases with spin-orbit coupling

Ground energy level transition for two-body interacting Fermionic system with spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman interaction

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