“…However, most of them use bi-dimensional analyses with spherical and conical indenters, and sometimes a load distribution is used instead of the indenter (see, e.g., Murakami and Yuang, 1992;Laursen and Simo, 1992;Sun et al, 1995;Cai and Bangert, 1995;Kral et al, 1993;Bolshakov et al, 1996;Taljat et al, 1998;Nix, 1988, 1991). Some works (see, e.g., Zeng et al, 1995;Wang and Bangert, 1993;Antunes et al, 2002b), show results from three-dimensional numerical simulations of the hardness tests with Vickers indenter, but in general do not take into account the friction, between the indenter and the indented material, and the existence of the offset in the tip of the indenter.…”