Three new species of Pharygodonidae (Nematoda: Oxyuridea) in Laudakia tuberculata (Squamata: Agamidae) from Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

Parapharyngodon tuberculata sp. nov., Thelandros tuberculata sp. nov. and Thelandros dehradunensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) from the large intestine of a rock lizard, Laudakia tuberculata Gray, 1827), are described and illustrated. Parapharyngodon tuberculata sp. nov. is the 8th Oriental species and 59th species assigned to the genus Parapharyngodon and differs from other species of the genus by possessing 3 pairs of caudal papillae, an echinate cloacal lip, 112-115 µm spicule length and postbulbar ovary. Thelandros tuberculata sp. nov. is the 5th and Thelandros dehradunensis sp. nov. the 6th Oriental species, respectively, and they are the 40th and 41st species assigned to the genus Thelandros. They differ from other species of the genus in caudal papillae arrangement, length of spicules, and structure of the anterior end of the esophagus. We transfer Parapharyngodon arequipensis Calisaya and Cordova, 1997 to Thelandros arequipensis (Calisaya and Cordova, 1997) comb. n. based upon the presence of a terminal operculum in the egg and large, pendant, caudal papillae.

The importance of integrative approaches in nematode taxonomy: the validity of Parapharyngodon and Thelandros as distinct genera

“…Despite this, the use of genetic tools in oxyurids is still not routinely implemented in most current taxonomic descriptions. Until this study, from over 50 species of Parapharyngodon (Bursey and Goldberg 2015; Pereira et al , 2017) and over 40 of Thelandros (Rizvi et al , 2017) described, only four ( P. cubensis , P. echinatus , P. scleratus and T. tinerfensis ) have been sequenced.…”

“…This genus of oxyurid nematodes includes over 50 species distributed worldwide (Bursey and Goldberg, 2015; Pereira et al , 2017), many described very recently (e.g. Garduño-Montes de Oca et al ., 2016; Pereira et al ., 2017; Rizvi et al ., 2017). Still, the validity of the genus has been questioned repeatedly (Teixeira de Freitas, 1957).…”

Complete mitochondrial genome of Japalura flaviceps: Deep insights into the phylogeny and gene rearrangements of Agamidae species

“…Agamidae, an important lineage of the lizard, is distributed in Eurasia, Africa, and Australasia [1], and exhibits remarkable similarities with Iguanidae in the ecological exploitation, behavioral pattern and morphological structure [2,3]. Hitherto, this family includes a total of 59 genera and more than 480 recognized species worldwide [4][5][6], and is divided into six subfamilies according to molecular and morphological data [7][8][9]. The genus Japalura currently contains 33 described lizards [4,6,10].…”

A new species of Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933 (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae), parasitic in Osteocephalus taurinus (Anura: Hylidae) from Brazil

“…According to recent publications (Velarde-Aguilar et al , 2015; Pereira et al , 2017; Rizvi et al , 2017) the morphological characteristics frequently used to differentiate the species of this genus are the number of caudal papillae pairs, the morphology of the anterior cloacal lip and the ovary position.…”

“…is similar to P. thulini , P. japonicus , P. tyche and P. tuberculata in that it presents ovaries that do not encircle the oesophagus; however, P. politoedi n. sp. can be easily distinguished from P. japonicus and P. tyche , since in both the latter species, the anterior lip of the cloaca is smooth, whereas in P. politoedi it is echinate (Sulahian & Schacher, 1968; Bursey & Goldberg, 1999; Rahimian et al , 2014; Rizvi et al , 2017).…”