2004
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800105
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Thyroid transcription factor-1, but not p53, is helpful in distinguishing moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Abstract: Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma/atypical carcinoid tumor is the most common nonsquamous malignancy in the larynx; however, due to morphologic overlap and calcitonin immunoreactivity, it can be difficult to distinguish from thyroid medullary carcinoma. Currently, low serum calcitonin is the most reliable means for distinguishing primary laryngeal moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma from metastatic medullary carcinoma. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is positive in at lea… Show more

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Cited by 58 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…Immunohistochemical staining is important to distinguish MDNC from other epithelial malignancies, including medullary thyroid carcinoma 12,13 . Carcinoma cells in MDNC lesions usually show immunoreactivity to chromogranin, synaptophysin, keratin, calcitonin, and CEA but are usually negative for HMB‐45 and TTF1 10,14 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Immunohistochemical staining is important to distinguish MDNC from other epithelial malignancies, including medullary thyroid carcinoma 12,13 . Carcinoma cells in MDNC lesions usually show immunoreactivity to chromogranin, synaptophysin, keratin, calcitonin, and CEA but are usually negative for HMB‐45 and TTF1 10,14 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has also been consistently demonstrated in C-cell hyperplasia and in all or nearly all medullary carcinomas. [17][18][19]21,22,25,[28][29][30][31] Only approximately 5% to 15% of anaplastic carcinomas have been found to be TTF-1 positive. 25,32 Two of the 4 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid that were investigated for TTF-1 expression were also found to be positive for this marker.…”
Section: Expression Of Ttf-1 In Thyroid Tumorsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Until 1993, serum calcitonin was the only reliable marker for MTC, but the advent of TTF-1 has been important in distinguishing MTC from MDNC. TTF-1 staining is positive in 90% of MTC cases, whereas TTF-1 is positive in only 14% of MDNC cases (6). Thus, TTF-1 negative immunohistochemical stains should lead to additional investigation for metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is important to recognize that high levels of serum calcitonin are sensitive (100%) and specific (95.3%) for MTC, and the specificity is further increased when serum calcitonin levels greater than 100 pg/mL are detected (5). Though there are many thyroidal and non-thyroidal disorders that lead to calcitonin elevation, these conditions are generally associated with levels less than 100 pg/mL (6). Metastatic MDNC is a rare disease that is associated with high serum calcitonin levels and case reviews have reported calcitonin elevations up to 1,200 pg/mL (4).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%