Ti-Fe intermetallics analysis and control in joining titanium alloy and stainless steel by Laser Metal Deposition

Li, Wei; Yan, Lei; Karnati, Sreekar; Liou, Frank W.; Newkirk, Joseph William; Taminger, Karen M. B.; Seufzer, William J.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.11.010

Cited by 76 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cu-based and Ag-based fillers were usually used to braze titanium/steel joints, while scattered brittle intermetallics, such as (Fe,Cu)Ti, Cu 4 Ti 3 , and CuTi [20,48] and Cu 4 Ti and CuTi 2 [7], were induced to the interfaces which were detrimental to the mechanical properties of the joints, and maximum possible tensile strength of the joints was found to be no more than 200 MPa [16][17][18][19][20]48]. Without the interlayer, sound joints are hard to be obtained by direct laser welding or electronbeam welding because of continuously distributed brittle TiFe intermetallics and high residual stress at the welding pool [21,25,[49][50][51][52]. Continuous wave laser was used to weld titanium and stainless steel, while Fe 0.2 Ni 4.8 Ti 5 , Cr 2 Ti, and NiTi phases were formed which resulted in extensive cracking at the interface [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Diffusion Bonding between Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steels

Song

Fang

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-quality joints between titanium alloys and stainless steels have found applications for nuclear, petrochemical, cryogenic, and aerospace industries due to their relatively low cost, lightweight, high corrosion resistance, and appreciable mechanical properties.is article reviews diffusion bonding between titanium alloys and stainless steels with or without interlayers. For diffusion bonding of a titanium alloy and a stainless steel without an interlayer, the optimized temperature is in the range of 800-950°C for a period of 60-120 min. Sound joint can be obtained, but brittle FeTi and Fe-Cr-Ti phases are formed at the interface. e development process of a joint mainly includes three steps: matching surface closure, growth of brittle intermetallic compounds, and formation of the Kirkendall voids. Growth kinetics of interfacial phases needs further clarification in terms of growth velocity of the reacting layer, moving speed of the phase interface, and the order for a new phase appears. e influence of Cu, Ni (or nickel alloy), and Ag interlayers on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints is systematically summarized. e content of FeTi and Fe-Cr-Ti phases at the interface can be declined significantly by the addition of an interlayer. Application of multi-interlayer well prevents the formation of intermetallic phases by forming solid solution at the interface, and parameters can be predicted by using a parabolic diffusion law. e selection of multi-interlayer was done based on two principles: no formation of brittle intermetallic phases and transitional physical properties between titanium alloy and stainless steel.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Diffusion Bonding between Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steels

Song

Fang

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LMD is capable of fabricating freeform three-dimensional metallic components [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] and has been used to fabricate several HEAs [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Chen et al fabricated Al x CoFeNiCu 1- x ( x = 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 atom %, respectively) HEAs using elemental powders on the AISI 304 substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Coating on an AISI 304 Substrate via a CoFe2Ni Intermediate Layer

Cui

Karnati

Zhang

et al. 2018

Entropy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Through laser metal deposition, attempts were made to coat AlCoCrFeNi, a high-entropy alloy (HEA), on an AISI 304 stainless steel substrate to integrate their properties. However, the direct coating of the AlCoCrFeNi HEA on the AISI 304 substrate was found to be unviable due to cracks at the interface between these two materials. The difference in compositional change was suspected to be the source of the cracks. Therefore, a new transition route was performed by coating an intermediate layer of CoFe 2 Ni on the AISI 304 substrate. Investigations into the microstructure, phase composition, elemental composition and Vickers hardness were carried out in this study. Consistent metallurgical bonding was observed along both of the interfaces. It was found that the AlCoCrFeNi alloy solidified into a dendritic microstructure. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed a transition of the crystal structure of the AISI 304 substrate to the AlCoCrFeNi HEA. An intermediate step in hardness was observed between the AISI 304 substrate and the AlCoCrFeNi HEA. The AlCoCrFeNi alloy fabricated was found to have an average hardness of 418 HV, while the CoFe 2 Ni intermediate layer had an average hardness of 275 HV.

show abstract

“…From the hardness distribution in Fig. 4, (13) we found that hardness remains approximately constant for the Ti 6 Al 4 V substrate, then starts to increase close to the crack region, and reaches the maximum of 1130 Vickers hardness number (VHN). The perforative crack appeared at this location.…”

Section: (1) Materials Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Framework for Process Inspection of Metal Additive Manufacturing

Cheng

Liou

Cheng

et al. 2019

Sensors and Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we propose a process inspection framework for metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes. AM, also known as 3D printing, is the process of joining materials to make objects on the basis of 3D model data and is envisioned to play a strategic role in maintaining economic and scientific dominance. Different from conventional manufacturing methods, the AM process is a point-by-point and layer-by-layer manufacturing. Thus, there are many opportunities to generate a process error that can cause quality issues in an AM part. A systematic AM process inspection is needed to yield acceptable performance of the part. The critical parameters that may affect the part quality are identified before processing, during processing, and after processing. The framework of the initial AM process inspection is presented. By using basic sensors, such as a microhardness tester and profilometer, we can obtain critical information about an additive manufactured part. Engineering

show abstract

Ti-Fe intermetallics analysis and control in joining titanium alloy and stainless steel by Laser Metal Deposition

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

A Review on Diffusion Bonding between Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steels

A Review on Diffusion Bonding between Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steels

Fabrication of AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Coating on an AISI 304 Substrate via a CoFe2Ni Intermediate Layer

A Framework for Process Inspection of Metal Additive Manufacturing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About