Tight regulation of expression of two Arabidopsis cytosolic Hsp90 genes during embryo development

Prasinos, Constantinos; Krampis, Konstantinos; Samakovli, Despina; Hatzopoulos, Polydefkis

doi:10.1093/jxb/eri035

Cited by 75 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…The mutant phenotypes observed here corroborate recent work showing that AtHsp90-1 is expressed mainly in embryo root tissues, while AtHsp90-3:GUS activity was intense in cotyledons (Haralampidis et al, 2002;Prasinos et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hsp90 and Arabidopsis Development 3515supporting

confidence: 91%

Hsp90 canalizes developmental perturbation

Samakovli

Thanou

Valmas

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Stochastic processes are intrinsic phenomena that perturb developmental processes. However, the canalization process restricts the magnitude of perturbation and hence the magnitude of morphological variation during development. Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperones are a class of proteins stabilizing a network of 'client' proteins that are involved in diverse signal transduction pathways affecting development. Here it is reported that a reduction of Hsp90 gene dose creates canalization perturbations that affect many aspects of Arabidopsis development and results in a plethora of morphological alterations. Hence, Hsp90 restricts stochastic phenomena by minimizing perturbations, thereby canalizing development. It is also shown that morphogenesis is determined by three mutually inter-related parameters: genotype, environment, and time. Hsp90 is involved in the interaction of these three parameters which ultimately affect developmental processes. The amount of phenotypic variation upon the reduction of Hsp90 function could be perceived as adaptive and could have an impact on the evolutionary process.

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Section: Hsp90 and Arabidopsis Development 3515supporting

confidence: 91%

Hsp90 canalizes developmental perturbation

Samakovli

Thanou

Valmas

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…Two CCAAT sequences were identified near the putative HSE. It has been reported that CCAAT-box sequences (representing the binding sites for the C/EBP transcription factors) act cooperatively with HSEs (Rieping and Schoffl 1992;Prasinos et al 2004). Interestingly, no perfect TATA boxes were identified.…”

Section: Athsp90-6 Gene Generates Multiple Transcriptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity of Hsp90 in organelle targeting

et al. 2008

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Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an abundant and highly conserved molecular chaperone. In Arabidopsis, the Hsp90 gene family consists of seven members. Here, we report that the AtHsp90-6 gene gives rise to two mRNA populations, termed AtHsp90-6L and AtHsp90-6S due to alternative initiation of transcription. The AtHsp90-6L and AtHsp90-6S transcription start sites are located 228 nucleotides upstream and 124 nucleotides downstream of the annotated translation start site, respectively. Both transcripts are detected under normal or heat-shock conditions. The inducibility of AtHsp90-6 mRNAs by heat shock implies a potential role of both isoforms in stress management. Stable transformation experiments with fusion constructs between the N-terminal part of each AtHsp90-6 isoform and green fluorescent protein indicated import of both fusion proteins into mitochondria. In planta investigation confirmed that fusion of the AtHsp90-5 N-terminus to green fluorescent protein (GFP) did result in specific chloroplastic localization. The mechanisms of regulation for mitochondria- and plastid-localized chaperone-encoding genes are not well understood. Future work is needed to address the possible roles of harsh environmental conditions and developmental processes on fine-tuning and compartmentalization of the AtHsp90-6L, AtHsp90-6S, and AtHsp90-5 proteins in Arabidopsis.

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“…These proteins are divided into different families, mainly including Hsp60, Hsp70/Hsp80, Hsp90, Hsp110, and a low-molecular weight Hsp (smHsp) family (Al-Whaibi et al, 2011). The Hsp90 gene family contains highly conserved structures and is a molecular chaperone family that exists widely in the eukaryotic cytoplasm (Prasinos et al, 2005). Hsps are involved in protein folding, activation, and maturation, as well as the conformational transition and stability of proteins involved in signal transduction (Prasinos et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive identification and expression analysis of Hsp90s gene family in Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a protein produced by plants in response to adverse environmental stresses. In this study, we identified and analyzed Hsp90 gene family members using a bioinformatic method based on genomic data from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The results illustrated that tomato contains at least 7 Hsp90 genes distributed on 6 chromosomes; protein lengths ranged from 267-794 amino acids. Intron numbers ranged from 2-19 in the genes. The phylogenetic tree revealed that Hsp90 genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) could be divided into 5 groups, which included 3 pairs of orthologous genes and 4 pairs of paralogous genes. Expression analysis of RNA-sequence data showed that the Hsp90-1 gene was specifically expressed in mature fruits, while Hsp90-5 and Hsp90-6 showed 7812 W.S. Zai et al. ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (3): 7811-7820 (2015) opposite expression patterns in various tissues of cultivated and wild tomatoes. The expression levels of the Hsp90-1, Hsp90-2, and Hsp90-3 genes in various tissues of cultivated tomatoes were high, while both the expression levels of genes Hsp90-3 and Hsp90-4 were low. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that these genes were involved in the responses to yellow leaf curl virus in tomato plant leaves. Our results provide a foundation for identifying the function of the Hsp90 gene in tomato.

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Tight regulation of expression of two Arabidopsis cytosolic Hsp90 genes during embryo development

Cited by 75 publications

References 63 publications

Hsp90 canalizes developmental perturbation

Hsp90 canalizes developmental perturbation

Complexity of Hsp90 in organelle targeting

Comprehensive identification and expression analysis of Hsp90s gene family in Solanum lycopersicum

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