Time dilation caused by static images with implied motion

Yamamoto, Kazuhiro; Miura, Kayo

doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3259-5

Cited by 35 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The duration of a visual stimulus conveying implied motion information is discriminated more precisely than a similar stimulus without implied motion (Moscatelli et al, 2011; Nather et al, 2011). Also, visual stimuli with implied motion produce time dilation just as real motion does (Nather et al, 2011; Yamamoto and Miura, 2012), although the distortion is smaller with implied motion. Indeed, when pictures depicting different sculptures of ballet dancers are shown, the duration is judged longer for the sculpture implying more movement than for the sculpture requiring less movement (Nather et al, 2011).…”

Section: Observation Of Biological Motionmentioning

confidence: 95%

How long did it last? You would better ask a human

et al. 2014

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In the future, human-like robots will live among people to provide company and help carrying out tasks in cooperation with humans. These interactions require that robots understand not only human actions, but also the way in which we perceive the world. Human perception heavily relies on the time dimension, especially when it comes to processing visual motion. Critically, human time perception for dynamic events is often inaccurate. Robots interacting with humans may want to see the world and tell time the way humans do: if so, they must incorporate human-like fallacy. Observers asked to judge the duration of brief scenes are prone to errors: perceived duration often does not match the physical duration of the event. Several kinds of temporal distortions have been described in the specialized literature. Here we review the topic with a special emphasis on our work dealing with time perception of animate actors versus inanimate actors. This work shows the existence of specialized time bases for different categories of targets. The time base used by the human brain to process visual motion appears to be calibrated against the specific predictions regarding the motion of human figures in case of animate motion, while it can be calibrated against the predictions of motion of passive objects in case of inanimate motion. Human perception of time appears to be strictly linked with the mechanisms used to control movements. Thus, neural time can be entrained by external cues in a similar manner for both perceptual judgments of elapsed time and in motor control tasks. One possible strategy could be to implement in humanoids a unique architecture for dealing with time, which would apply the same specialized mechanisms to both perception and action, similarly to humans. This shared implementation might render the humanoids more acceptable to humans, thus facilitating reciprocal interactions.

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Section: Observation Of Biological Motionmentioning

confidence: 95%

How long did it last? You would better ask a human

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, subjective duration seems to depend on the perceived rather than the physical speed of the stimulus (Tomassini et al, 2011). Indeed even implied motion in static scenes can increase apparent duration (Yamamoto & Miura, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Time dilation effect in an active observer and virtual environment requires apparent motion: No dilation for retinal- or world-motion alone

et al. 2019

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Downloaded from jov.arvojournals.org on 07/31/2020 Journal of Vision (2019) 19(3):4, 1-8 Lo Verde et al.observer, moving stimulus (moving in the world, not on the retinae); MN, moving observer, stimulus in the opposite direction (stimulus moving in the world and on the retinae, in opposite direction). (B) Schematic representation of the virtual scene that was presented to the observers. A fixation cube was present at all times. The stimuli consisted of matched pairs of maximum contrast black and white gratings, placed laterally at 57 cm on either side of the participant.

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“…Participants took longer to answer and made slightly more mistakes when the probe was a later snapshot from the same sequence, suggesting that the memory representation of the action included its natural continuation (Freyd, 1983(Freyd, , 1987. Both real and implied motion led to increases in perceptual estimates of temporal duration (Kanai, Paffen, Hogendoorn, & Verstraten, 2006;Yamamoto & Miura, 2012). Kourtzi and Kanwisher (2000) recorded fMRI data while participants viewed static images of people performing natural movements or the end-states of those movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real and implied motion at the center of gaze

2014

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Even though the dynamicity of our environment is a given, much of what we know on fixation selection comes from studies of static scene viewing. We performed a direct comparison of fixation selection on static and dynamic visual stimuli and investigated how far identical mechanisms drive these. We recorded eye movements while participants viewed movie clips of natural scenery and static frames taken from the same movies. Both were presented in the same high spatial resolution (1080 × 1920 pixels). The static condition allowed us to check whether local movement features computed from movies are salient even when presented as single frames. We observed that during the first second of viewing, movement and static features are equally salient in both conditions. Furthermore, predictability of fixations based on movement features decreased faster when viewing static frames as compared with viewing movie clips. Yet even during the later portion of static-frame viewing, the predictive value of movement features was still high above chance. Moreover, we demonstrated that, whereas the sets of movement and static features were statistically dependent within these sets, respectively, no dependence was observed between the two sets. Based on these results, we argue that implied motion is predictive of fixation similarly to real movement and that the onset of motion in natural stimuli is more salient than ongoing movement is. The present results allow us to address to what extent and when static image viewing is similar to the perception of a dynamic environment.

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Time dilation caused by static images with implied motion

Cited by 35 publications

References 51 publications

How long did it last? You would better ask a human

How long did it last? You would better ask a human

Time dilation effect in an active observer and virtual environment requires apparent motion: No dilation for retinal- or world-motion alone

Real and implied motion at the center of gaze

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