Time-restricted eating with or without low-carbohydrate diet reduces visceral fat and improves metabolic syndrome: A randomized trial

He, Min; Wang, Jingya; Liang, Qian; Li, Meng; Guo, Hui; Wang, Yue; Deji, Cuomu; Sui, Jing; Wang, Yawen; Liu, Yufeng; Zheng, Yanfang; Qian, Buyue; Chen, Huaixi; Ma, Mao; Shi, San-Qiang; Geng, Hui; Zhou, Wenxu; Guo, Xinwen; Wu, Zhu; Zhang, Meng; Chen, Ziyi; Rensen, Patrick C.N.; Hui, Chi‐chung; Wang, Yanan; Shi, Bingyin

doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100777

Cited by 30 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The study by Antoni et al [32] prescribed an eating window with a 3-hour reduction compared with the habitual eating window, by delaying the first energy intake and advancing the last energy intake of the day by 1.5 hours each. Two studies compared different lengths of eating windows [34,42], and two studies compared early and late TRE [43,45]. In one study, participants could select between an early or late TRE schedule [45], whereas participants were randomized in the other study [43].…”

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies compared different lengths of eating windows [34,42], and two studies compared early and late TRE [43,45]. In one study, participants could select between an early or late TRE schedule [45], whereas participants were randomized in the other study [43]. The timing of participants' eating window was prescribed in half of the included studies.…”

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine studies reported on participants' medication prescriptions/use during TRE (Supporting Information File 6) [22,23,[44][45][46][49][50][51][52]. Only one study [50] included participants using insulin, and those participants were asked to measure blood glucose regularly.…”

Section: Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our review demonstrated high retention rates across studies, and most of the studies had less than 10% dropouts. Five studies reported retention rates below 80% [32,35,37,38,45]. In these studies, participants had little or no option of fitting the eating window into their daily life, which may explain some of the dropouts in those studies, for example, lost to follow-up [32,35,37,38,45], discontinued intervention [45], and declared unfollowing the TRE protocol [37] (Table 3).…”

Section: Possible Determinants Of Adherence To Trementioning

confidence: 99%

“…)[11,22,24,25,30,32,38,45,47,49]. The tinuing a modified form of TRE (e.g., only from Monday to Friday, later breakfasts or earlier dinners).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

Termannsen,

Varming,

van Elst

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Objective This systematic scoping review aimed to map and synthesize research on feasibility of time‐restricted eating (TRE) in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, including recruitment rate, retention rate, safety, adherence, and participants' attitudes, experiences, and perspectives. Methods The authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature from inception to November 22, 2022, supplemented by backward and forward citation search. Results From 4219 identified records, 28 studies were included. In general, recruitment was easy and median retention rate was 95% among studies with <12 weeks duration and 89% among studies ≥12 weeks. Median (range) adherence to the target eating window for studies <12 and ≥12 weeks was 89% (75%–98%) and 81% (47%–93%), respectively. Variation in adherence among participants and studies was considerable, indicating that following TRE was difficult for some people and that intervention conditions influenced adherence. These findings were supported by qualitative data synthetized from seven studies, and determinants of adherence included calorie‐free beverages outside the eating window, provision of support, and influence on the eating window. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions TRE is implementable, acceptable, and safe in populations with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, but it should be accompanied by support and options for individual adjustments.

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Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Determinants Of Adherence To Trementioning

confidence: 99%

“…)[11,22,24,25,30,32,38,45,47,49]. The tinuing a modified form of TRE (e.g., only from Monday to Friday, later breakfasts or earlier dinners).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

Termannsen,

Varming,

van Elst

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Time-Restricted Eating: Effects on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Health

Peterson

2024

Intermittent and Periodic Fasting, Aging and Disease

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Circadian alignment of food intake and glycaemic control by time-restricted eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rovira-Llopis,

Luna-Marco,

Perea-Galera

et al. 2023

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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Daily rhythms of metabolic function are supported by molecular circadian clock systems that are strongly regulated by feeding and fasting. Intermittent fasting diets have been associated with weight loss and improved metabolism. However, the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) on glycemic parameters are still under debate. In this review, we aim to systematically analyze the effects of TRE on glycemic parameters. We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for controlled studies in which subjects followed TRE for at least 4 weeks. 20 studies were included in the qualitative systematic review, and 18 studies (n = 1169 subjects) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, TRE had no significant effect on fasting glucose (Hedges’s g = -0.08; 95% CI:-0.31,0.16; p = 0.52), but it did reduce HbA1c levels (Hedges’s g = -0.27; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.06; p = 0.01). TRE significantly reduced fasting insulin (Hedges’s g = -0.40; 95% CI: -0.73,-0.08; p = 0.01) and showed a tendency to decrease HOMA-IR (Hedges’s g = -0.32; 95% CI:-0.66,0.02; p = 0.06). Interestingly, a cumulative analysis showed that the beneficial effects of TRE regarding glucose levels were less apparent as studies with later TRE windows (lTRE) were being included. Indeed, a subgroup analysis of the early TRE (eTRE) studies revealed that fasting glucose was significantly reduced by eTRE (Hedges’s g = -0.38; 95% CI:-0.62, -0.14; p < 0.01). Our meta-analysis suggests that TRE can reduce HbA1c and insulin levels, and that timing of food intake is a crucial factor in the metabolic benefit of TRE, as only eTRE is capable of reducing fasting glucose levels in subjects with overweight or obesity.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023405946.

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Time-restricted eating with or without low-carbohydrate diet reduces visceral fat and improves metabolic syndrome: A randomized trial

Cited by 30 publications

References 74 publications

Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

Time-Restricted Eating: Effects on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Health

Circadian alignment of food intake and glycaemic control by time-restricted eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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