Time Synthesis in Organization of Sensorimotor Action

Abstract

Time synthesis of sensorimotor action is reviewed as a process of a coherence setting action duration (expected duration), time sequence of required operations and significant changes in conditions. Aim: to experimentally set up the connection of time synthesis success and efficiency of realization sensorimotor action in changeable conditions. Hypothesis: successful time synthesis of the setting duration and the temporal sequence of operations in the mental organization of sensorimotor action in changing conditions is realized in accordance with the corresponding operational meaning and is allowed by anticipatory effects and an increase in the effectiveness of the action, materials and methods. An experimental study involved 152 male and female students. Participants of the investigation solved experimental tasks, implemented in a computer version, according to schemes of a simple visual-motor reaction and a choice reaction (separately and in combination), according to a scheme of sensorimotor action with a warning signal when the apperceptive scheme, setting duration and sequence of required operations were changed promptly. Results were reviewed in the aspect of disclosing the features of the subject's elimination of the uncertainty of the moment of achieving the goal in the future and the construction of a sequence of operations of sensorimotor actions in a connection with changes in external conditions, typical for the time deficit regime. The conditionality of the time synthesis of sensorimotor action by the actual operational meaning was established revealing that the successful temporal synthesis of sensorimotor action in changing conditions is associated with the fastest acceptance of an adequate apperceptive scheme, with effective anticipation of the moment of achieving the goal and the formation of a detailed setting duration of action, with the formation of a temporal sequence of required operations. Conclusions. The levels of success of the time synthesis of sensorimotor action in changing conditions are highlighted: “quite successful; moderately successful; unsuccessful.”

Anticipatory Resource of Temporary Regulation of Sensorimotor Action

“…The subject's stimulation option for the follow-up trial was initially unknown. We organized the experimental task with the understanding that in a situation of uncertainty in the prospects for action, a person attempts to focus on the most extensive set of current circumstances, with their subsequent admissible concretization and formation of the necessary information basis for action (Konopkin, 1980;Plokhikh et al, 2021;Shoshol, 1978). A change in orientation to the perceived situation is, first and foremost, a change in the apperceptive scheme, followed by a change in the system of action, which takes time (Gordeeva, 2000).…”

“…Our previous works contain a detailed description of the experimental study's methodology as well as instructions for the subjects (Plokhikh, 2021;Plokhikh et al, 2021).…”

“…According to research, the temporal and spatial parameters of a subject's actions can be considered separately (Ahrens et al, 2015;Plokhikh et al, 2021). Furthermore, the content and spatial aspects of anticipation have previously attracted some attention, particularly in regard to quite gradual external changes (Lomov & Surkov, 1980).…”

“…At the same time, the content features of the implemented action should be most closely linked to the time it would take to complete. The duration of a holistic action, on the other hand, might be thought of as its fundamental subjective transitory measure (Plokhikh et al, 2021).…”

“…And this sequence of operations should roughly correspond to the duration of the movement. In this case, the corresponding standards fixed through repeated repetitions in memory, methods for assessing afferent information, and methods for correcting performance serve as a basis for coordinating the structural elements of the actions being implemented and the current changes in the situation (Cravo et al, 2017;Plokhikh et al, 2021).…”