Tinjauan kepustakaan tentang pengembangan kriopreservasi sperma ikan asli Indonesia

Abstract

Sperm cryopreservation is one of the methods in preserving germplasm and avoid the extinction of native fish. The success of this technique requires proper use of protocol because each species needs a different response to certain protocols. However, very limited of works have been done in Indonesian fish; Presently, there were only 9 species of freshwater, namely; Channa striata, Chromobotia macracanthus, Barbonymus gonionotus, Mystus nemurus, Osphronemus goramy, Osteochilus hasseltii atau Osteochilus vittatus, Poropontius tawarensis, Rasbora tawarensis, and Tor soro, and one species marine fish Ephinephelus lanceolatus have been successfully developed the cryopreservation protocols. The objective of this review paper is to summarized and evaluate the best protocol for sperm cryopreservation of above species The reviewed aspects are including the type of extender and cryoprotectant, freezing process (storage time and temperature), thawing (thawing time and temperature) and observations (including the percentage of motility, viability, abnormality, fertility, and hatching rate). Keywords: Extender, Cryoprotectant, Freezing, Thawing ABSTRAKKriopreservasi sperma adalah salah satu cara untuk melestarikan plasma nutfah Indonesia sehingga dapat terhindar dari kepunahan. Keberhasilan kriopreservasi sangat tergantung pada protokol yang digunakan, karena setiap spesies memiliki respon yang berbeda terhadap protokol tertentu. Namun sayangnya sangat sedikit penelitian terkait kriopreservasi sperma ikan-ikan asli Indonesia. Sampai saat ini hanya 9 spesies ikan air tawar (Channa striata, Chromobotia macracanthus, Barbonymus gonionotus, Mystus nemurus, Osphronemus goramy, Osteochilus hasseltii atau Osteochilus vittatus, Poropontius tawarensis, Rasbora tawarensis, dan Tor soro) dan satu spesies ikan laut Ephinephelus lanceolatus yang telah tersedia protokol kriopreservasi spermanya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mencoba merangkum dan mengevaluasi protokol terbaik dalam proses kriopreservasi masing-masing spesies yang tersebut diatas. Aspek yang direview adalah jenis extender, krioprotektan, proses freezing (lama penyimpanan sperma dan suhu), thawing (lama thawing dan suhu) dan data hasil pengamatan (meliputi persentase motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, fertilitas dan hatching rate.Kata kunci: Extender, Krioprotektan, Freezing, Thawing

The effect of cryoprotectant on the viability and motility of goldfish Carassius aurtus sperm after 48 hours refrigerated

“…The macroscopic and microscopic analysis showed that the fresh sperm of goldfish was of good quality and suitable for preservation. According to several studies, sperm used for preservation must have motility above 70% and be slightly acidic (Tiersch, 2011;Mangkunegara et al, 2019;Maulida et al, 2020). This is because the success of sperm preservation is strongly determined by the quality of fresh sperm before preservation (Horokhovatskyi et al, 2018).…”

“…Intracellular cryoprotectant has a small molecular weight and size that allows them to pass through the permeable sperm cell membrane (Tiersch, 2011;Maulida et al, 2020) and protect the cell by preventing the formation of micro ice crystals. Meanwhile, extracellular cryoprotectant has a large molecular weight and size that prevents it from passing through the sperm cell membrane, thereby protecting the cell from outside, particularly from temperature shock and the toxic effects of diluent and cryoprotectant (De-Andrade et al, 2014;Muchlisin et al, 2015a;Muchlisin et al, 2015b;Maulida et al, 2020). The commonly used intracellular cryoprotectant includes Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Glycerol, Methanol, Ethanol, and Ethylene Glycol (Abinawanto et al, 2012;Abinawanto et al, 2013;Muchlisin et al, 2015a;Maulida et al, 2021).…”

A short review of discovery and development of fish sperm cryopreservation

“…In Indonesia, there are approximately 9 species of fish with high economic value that has been cryopreserved (Maulida et al, 2020), including Channa striata (Mangkunegara et al, 2019), Chromobotia macracanthus (Abinawanto et al, 2018), Tor soro (Zairin et al, 2005;Alifiani et al, 2020;Fatriani et al, 2020;Harjanti et al, 2020;Laeni et al, 2020;Pamungkas et al, 2020;Putri et al, 2020;Vardini et al, 2020;Wulandari et al, 2020), Barbonymus gonionotus (Abinawanto et al, 2013;Abinawanto et al, 2016;Abinawanto and Aisyah, 2018), Osphronemus goramy (Abinawanto et al, 2011;Abinawanto et al, 2012a;Abinawanto et al, 2012b;Abinawanto et al, 2015;Abinawanto and Putri, 2017;Abinawanto et al, 2017), Osteochilus hasseltii or Osteochilus vittatus (Sunarma et al, 2008;Sunarma et al, 2010), Poropontius tawarensis (Muthmainnah et al, 2019) and Rasbora tawarensis (Muchlisin et al, 2020).…”

“…In 2005, Zairin et al carried out a research on batak fish T. soro, and Sunarma et al (2008) on tawes O. vittatus. After 16 years of development, only 9 species of native Indonesian fish have been cryopreserved(Maulida et al, 2020). Therefore, the development of fish sperm…”

Grouper DNA barcoding studies in Indonesia: A short review

“…Indonesia is one region with the highest reef fish biodiversity globally (Allen and Erdmann, 2012). One commercially valuable fish in this area is the groupers (Maulida et al, 2020;Syafei and Sudinno, 2018;Yulianto et al, 2015). At least 76 grouper species have been reported living in Indonesian waters, with three species were categorized into "vulnerable", five species "Data Deficient", and 68 species under the "Least Concern" category based on IUCN classification (IUCN, 2021).…”