Topicality of Monitoring of Industrial Frequency Magnetic Fields of 50 Hz in Residential and Public Buildings

Abstract

The problem of ensuring safety of electric and magnetic fields (EMF) of extremely low frequencies (ELF) is resulted from the development of the first low-frequency generators producing penetrating effect and causing negative biological outcomes. World power resources are doubling every 10 years, and ELF EMF are generated around by such sources. The number of sources on the scale of application, power and design diversity significantly exceeds those generating EMF in other frequency ranges. The population is exposed to 50 Hz ELF at work, in electric transport, in residential and public buildings, in residential areas. ELF EMF was found both to “pollute” the environment, be an environmental health risk factor, and affect negatively the health with potential long-term outcomes. Development of various methods and means of protection against the effect of ELF EMF remains relevant today. Limitation (regulation) of the effect of the factor both in terms of intensity and exposure is the most effective protection. Epidemiological studies to identify the relationship between exposure to ELF magnetic fields (MF) and carcinogenesis are on-going. A task panel group of research experts, established by WHO in 2005, conducted a routine procedure to assess health risks resulting from exposure to ELF MFs and, in particular, cancer and considered them to lack evidence. However, the significance of the data obtained was noted to be reduced due to procedural problems, potential systematic error of assessment. The problem remains unsolved. Research using various types of monitoring: social and hygienic, sanitary and epidemiological, is going on. Spatio-temporal monitoring of 50 Hz ELF MF in enclosed spaces of residential and public buildings, where a variety of equipment, devices, power supply systems, generating different MF levels, is an important area. The population is exposed to these conditions most of the day. Monitoring will allow assessing electromagnetic load at short-term and long-term exposures.

Power Frequency Еlectromagnetic Fields of Electrical Installations in Buildings

“…В странах Евросоюза ведутся эпидемиологические исследования онкологических заболеваний у детей, проживающих вблизи высоковольтных линий [13,14]. Существенно меньше работ, посвященных изучению пара-метров и гигиенической оценке ЭМП 50 Гц, создаваемых электроустановками, встроенными в здания различного назначения [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Здесь можно сослаться на исследования, проведенные в Испании, Финляндии, Нидерландах, Швейцарии, Болгарии, Израиле.…”