Toward 100 Mega-Frames per Second: Design of an Ultimate Ultra-High-Speed Image Sensor

Dao, V.; Etoh, Takeharu; Tanaka, Masatoshi; Nguyễn, Hoàng Dũng; Cuong, Vo Le; Takehara, Kohsei; Akino, Toshiro; Nishi, Kenji; Aoki, Hitoshi; Nakai, Junichi

doi:10.3390/s100100016

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nevertheless, these devices operating in streak mode do not offer a two spatial dimensions image but rather a time resolved 1D spatial vector. The fastest real 2D video camera are currently running at 1 million frames per second [18], and the best expected perspective for this technology is 100 million frames per second [19]. The difficulty of acquiring a 200×200 pixels image with a temporal resolution of 200 ps, i.e.…”

Section: Description Of Acquisition Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

200 ps FWHM and 100 MHz repetition rate ultrafast gated camera for optical medical functional imaging

Uhring¹,

Poulet

Hanselmann³

et al. 2012

Optical Sensing and Detection II

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The paper describes the realization of a complete optical imaging device to clinical applications like brain functional imaging by time-resolved, spectroscopic diffuse optical tomography. The entire instrument is assembled in a unique setup that includes a light source, an ultrafast time-gated intensified camera and all the electronic control units. The light source is composed of four near infrared laser diodes driven by a nanosecond electrical pulse generator working in a sequential mode at a repetition rate of 100 MHz. The resulting light pulses, at four wavelengths, are less than 80 ps FWHM. They are injected in a four-furcated optical fiber ended with a frontal light distributor to obtain a uniform illumination spot directed towards the head of the patient. Photons back-scattered by the subject are detected by the intensified CCD camera; there are resolved according to their time of flight inside the head. The very core of the intensified camera system is the image intensifier tube and its associated electrical pulse generator. The ultrafast generator produces 50 V pulses, at a repetition rate of 100 MHz and a width corresponding to the 200 ps requested gate. The photocathode and the Micro-Channel-Plate of the intensifier have been specially designed to enhance the electromagnetic wave propagation and reduce the power loss and heat that are prejudicial to the quality of the image. The whole instrumentation system is controlled by an FPGA based module. The timing of the light pulses and the photocathode gating is precisely adjustable with a step of 9 ps. All the acquisition parameters are configurable via software through an USB plug and the image data are transferred to a PC via an Ethernet link. The compactness of the device makes it a perfect device for bedside clinical applications.

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Section: Description Of Acquisition Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

200 ps FWHM and 100 MHz repetition rate ultrafast gated camera for optical medical functional imaging

Uhring¹,

Poulet

Hanselmann³

et al. 2012

Optical Sensing and Detection II

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show abstract

“…A charge-coupled device (CCD) [ 51 ] is a well-known device normally implemented into an integrated circuit. A CCD is mainly composed of a silicon surface forming light sensitive elements, also called pixels, primarily used for imaging applications [ 52 ]. The light incident on the CCD surface creates charge that must be read by electronic circuits.…”

Section: Typical Techniques: Ccd-like Readoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Readout Architectures for Large Arrays of Digital Pixels: Examples and Applications

Gabrielli

2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Modern pixel detectors, particularly those designed and constructed for applications and experiments for high-energy physics, are commonly built implementing general readout architectures, not specifically optimized in terms of speed. High-energy physics experiments use bidimensional matrices of sensitive elements located on a silicon die. Sensors are read out via other integrated circuits bump bonded over the sensor dies. The speed of the readout electronics can significantly increase the overall performance of the system, and so here novel forms of readout architectures are studied and described. These circuits have been investigated in terms of speed and are particularly suited for large monolithic, low-pitch pixel detectors. The idea is to have a small simple structure that may be expanded to fit large matrices without affecting the layout complexity of the chip, while maintaining a reasonably high readout speed. The solutions might be applied to devices for applications not only in physics but also to general-purpose pixel detectors whenever online fast data sparsification is required. The paper presents also simulations on the efficiencies of the systems as proof of concept for the proposed ideas.

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“…The main limitation of the DALSA camera is the small number of frames. The future development of this technology may allow a larger frame number but will always be limited by the pixel area [6].…”

Section: Fast Framing Ccd Cameramentioning

confidence: 99%

Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry with fast and intelligent Pixel detectors

Nomerotski¹,

Brouard²,

Campbell³

et al. 2010

J. Inst.

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We report on 'proof of concept' experiments in Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) using an ultra-fast frame-transfer CCD camera and also describe an intelligent CMOS sensor which is being developed for this application by the PImMS collaboration in the UK. PImMS is a combination of traditional TOF mass spectrometry and ion imaging. Information provided by the ion imaging gives access to valuable structural information of the molecule under investigation, in addition to the normal mass spectrum. Recording of the 2D spatial information of the arriving ions allows to reconstruct the ion velocity distributions for separate ion masses and to correlate them to each other. The new PImMS sensor will be capable of time stamping up to four arriving ions per pixel during the 200 µsec acquisition cycle with 100 nsec resolution which should meet the demanding requirements of complete recording of mass spectra of complex organic molecules.

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Toward 100 Mega-Frames per Second: Design of an Ultimate Ultra-High-Speed Image Sensor

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

200 ps FWHM and 100 MHz repetition rate ultrafast gated camera for optical medical functional imaging

200 ps FWHM and 100 MHz repetition rate ultrafast gated camera for optical medical functional imaging

Fast Readout Architectures for Large Arrays of Digital Pixels: Examples and Applications

Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry with fast and intelligent Pixel detectors

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