Toward a Multimodal Diagnostic Exploratory Visualization of Focal Cortical Dysplasia

Abstract

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development and a common cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Resective surgery of clear-cut lesions may be curative. However, the localization of the seizure focus and the evaluation of its spatial extent can be challenging in many situations. For concordance assessment, medical studies show the relevance of accurate correlation of multisource imaging sequences. to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the evaluation. In this paper, we share the process we went through to reach our simple, but effective, solution for integrating multi-volume rendering into an exploratory visualization environment for the diagnosis of FCD. We focus on fetching of multiple data assigned to a sample when they are rendered. Knowing that the major diagnostic role of multiple volumes is to complement information, we demonstrate that appropriate geometric transformations in the texture space are sufficient for accomplishing this task. This allows us to fully implement our proposal in the OpenGL rendering pipeline and to easily integrate it into the existing visual diagnostic application. Both time performance and the visual quality of our proposal were evaluated with a set of clinical data volumes for assessing the potential practical impact of our solution in routine diagnostic use.

Accurate Image-guided (Re)Placement of NIRS Probes

“…We implemented our proposed procedure using a volume rendering algorithm [24] , a technique for building the scalp and cortical envelopes from MRI scans [25] , and a 3D electromagnetic digitizer (Polhemus Fastrak, Vermont, USA, [26] ). Both 2D and 3D visualizations of a high spatial resolution MRI volume facilitate the identification of the hidden cortical structures under the scalp and the visualization of the tangible real anatomical landmarks in the scanned volume.…”